95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements in a cloud compared with model computations

K. Aydin; C. Tang; A. Pazmany; J. Mead; R. McIntosh; M. Hervig; R. Kelly; G. Vali

doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)90085-X

95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements in a cloud compared with model computations

K. Aydin, C. Tang, A. Pazmany, J. Mead, R. McIntosh, M. Hervig, R. Kelly, G. Vali

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The first 95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements obtained in an ice-crystal cloud are presented together with model computations. The radar measurements consist of the horizontal and vertical polarization reflectivity factors (Z_HH and Z_VV) and degrees of polarization (DP_H and DP_V). Simultaneous shadow image measurements of ice crystals are obtained from a 2D-C probe in a closely located wind tunnel. These images provide the size distribution and shape information for the models. The ice crystals are mainly composed of stellar and hexagonal plates. The finite difference time domain method is used for electromagnetic scattering computations. A three dimensional canting distribution is incorporated in the study. The simulated Z_HH values compare very well with the radar measurements (i.e., the mean values are within 1 dB). Z_VV also compares well well for a specific canting distribution as do the mean values of DP_H, DP_V and Z_DR (differential reflectivity). It is observed that Z_HH (unlike Z_VV) is not very sensitive to the orientation of planar crystals, but it is sensitive to the change in their thickness. Hence, Z_HH is a preferable radar measurand for estimating ice crystal mass.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	135-144
Number of pages	10
Journal	Atmospheric Research
Volume	34
Issue number	1-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(94)90085-X
State	Published - Jun 20 1994

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Atmospheric Science

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title = "95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements in a cloud compared with model computations",

abstract = "The first 95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements obtained in an ice-crystal cloud are presented together with model computations. The radar measurements consist of the horizontal and vertical polarization reflectivity factors (ZHH and ZVV) and degrees of polarization (DPH and DPV). Simultaneous shadow image measurements of ice crystals are obtained from a 2D-C probe in a closely located wind tunnel. These images provide the size distribution and shape information for the models. The ice crystals are mainly composed of stellar and hexagonal plates. The finite difference time domain method is used for electromagnetic scattering computations. A three dimensional canting distribution is incorporated in the study. The simulated ZHH values compare very well with the radar measurements (i.e., the mean values are within 1 dB). ZVV also compares well well for a specific canting distribution as do the mean values of DPH, DPV and ZDR (differential reflectivity). It is observed that ZHH (unlike ZVV) is not very sensitive to the orientation of planar crystals, but it is sensitive to the change in their thickness. Hence, ZHH is a preferable radar measurand for estimating ice crystal mass.",

author = "K. Aydin and C. Tang and A. Pazmany and J. Mead and R. McIntosh and M. Hervig and R. Kelly and G. Vali",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ATM-8921014 at Penn State and Grant ATM-8921145 at the University of Massachusetts and the University of Wyoming.",

year = "1994",

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doi = "10.1016/0169-8095(94)90085-X",

language = "English (US)",

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T1 - 95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements in a cloud compared with model computations

AU - Aydin, K.

AU - Tang, C.

AU - Pazmany, A.

AU - Mead, J.

AU - McIntosh, R.

AU - Hervig, M.

AU - Kelly, R.

AU - Vali, G.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ATM-8921014 at Penn State and Grant ATM-8921145 at the University of Massachusetts and the University of Wyoming.

PY - 1994/6/20

Y1 - 1994/6/20

N2 - The first 95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements obtained in an ice-crystal cloud are presented together with model computations. The radar measurements consist of the horizontal and vertical polarization reflectivity factors (ZHH and ZVV) and degrees of polarization (DPH and DPV). Simultaneous shadow image measurements of ice crystals are obtained from a 2D-C probe in a closely located wind tunnel. These images provide the size distribution and shape information for the models. The ice crystals are mainly composed of stellar and hexagonal plates. The finite difference time domain method is used for electromagnetic scattering computations. A three dimensional canting distribution is incorporated in the study. The simulated ZHH values compare very well with the radar measurements (i.e., the mean values are within 1 dB). ZVV also compares well well for a specific canting distribution as do the mean values of DPH, DPV and ZDR (differential reflectivity). It is observed that ZHH (unlike ZVV) is not very sensitive to the orientation of planar crystals, but it is sensitive to the change in their thickness. Hence, ZHH is a preferable radar measurand for estimating ice crystal mass.

AB - The first 95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements obtained in an ice-crystal cloud are presented together with model computations. The radar measurements consist of the horizontal and vertical polarization reflectivity factors (ZHH and ZVV) and degrees of polarization (DPH and DPV). Simultaneous shadow image measurements of ice crystals are obtained from a 2D-C probe in a closely located wind tunnel. These images provide the size distribution and shape information for the models. The ice crystals are mainly composed of stellar and hexagonal plates. The finite difference time domain method is used for electromagnetic scattering computations. A three dimensional canting distribution is incorporated in the study. The simulated ZHH values compare very well with the radar measurements (i.e., the mean values are within 1 dB). ZVV also compares well well for a specific canting distribution as do the mean values of DPH, DPV and ZDR (differential reflectivity). It is observed that ZHH (unlike ZVV) is not very sensitive to the orientation of planar crystals, but it is sensitive to the change in their thickness. Hence, ZHH is a preferable radar measurand for estimating ice crystal mass.

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95 GHz polarimetric radar measurements in a cloud compared with model computations

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