TY - JOUR
T1 - Adaptive phenotypic divergence in an annual grass differs across biotic contexts*
AU - O'Brien, Anna M.
AU - Sawers, Ruairidh J.H.
AU - Strauss, Sharon Y.
AU - Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey
N1 - Funding Information:
All authors contributed substantially to the design of the study, provisioning of materials, and revising of the manuscript. AO proposed the study, collected the data, performed analyses, and provided the first draft of the manuscript. The authors would like to thank Jaime Gasca Pineda and Luis Eguiarte and the Eguiarte laboratory for help with field collections, and Aida Odette Avendaño-Vázquez, Carlos Fabián de la Cruz, Abenamar Gordillo Hidalgo, Dario Alvarez, and Arturo Chavez for assistance in the greenhouse. We thank J. Schmitt and M. Frederickson for comments on the manuscript. The project was funded by UC MEXUS, and the UC Davis Center for Population Biology grants to AO; USDA Hatch project CA-D-PLS-2066-H and NSF grant IOS-0922703 to JRI. AO was supported by NSF GRFP grant DGE-1148897 and GSR fellowship from UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences to AO, and NSF grant DEB-0919559 to SYS. Sequence data are available at figshare, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4714030.v1. All other data generated as part of this work, and all analysis scripts are available at the Dryad Digital Repository, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r1r839d10.5061/dryad.r1r839d.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s). Evolution © 2019 The Society for the Study of Evolution.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - Climate is a powerful force shaping adaptation within species, yet adaptation to climate occurs against a biotic background: species interactions can filter fitness consequences of genetic variation by altering phenotypic expression of genotypes. We investigated this process using populations of teosinte, a wild annual grass related to maize (Zea mays ssp. mexicana), sampling plants from 10 sites along an elevational gradient as well as rhizosphere biota from three of those sites. We grew half-sibling teosinte families in each biota to test whether trait divergence among teosinte populations reflects adaptation or drift, and whether rhizosphere biota affect expression of diverged traits. We further assayed the influence of rhizosphere biota on contemporary additive genetic variation. We found that adaptation across environment shaped divergence of some traits, particularly flowering time and root biomass. We also observed that different rhizosphere biota shifted expressed values of these traits within teosinte populations and families and altered within-population genetic variance and covariance. In sum, our results imply that changes in trait expression and covariance elicited by rhizosphere communities could have played a historical role in teosinte adaptation to environments and that they are likely to play a role in the response to future selection.
AB - Climate is a powerful force shaping adaptation within species, yet adaptation to climate occurs against a biotic background: species interactions can filter fitness consequences of genetic variation by altering phenotypic expression of genotypes. We investigated this process using populations of teosinte, a wild annual grass related to maize (Zea mays ssp. mexicana), sampling plants from 10 sites along an elevational gradient as well as rhizosphere biota from three of those sites. We grew half-sibling teosinte families in each biota to test whether trait divergence among teosinte populations reflects adaptation or drift, and whether rhizosphere biota affect expression of diverged traits. We further assayed the influence of rhizosphere biota on contemporary additive genetic variation. We found that adaptation across environment shaped divergence of some traits, particularly flowering time and root biomass. We also observed that different rhizosphere biota shifted expressed values of these traits within teosinte populations and families and altered within-population genetic variance and covariance. In sum, our results imply that changes in trait expression and covariance elicited by rhizosphere communities could have played a historical role in teosinte adaptation to environments and that they are likely to play a role in the response to future selection.
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U2 - 10.1111/evo.13818
DO - 10.1111/evo.13818
M3 - Article
C2 - 31389004
AN - SCOPUS:85071108981
VL - 73
SP - 2230
EP - 2246
JO - Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
JF - Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
SN - 0014-3820
IS - 11
ER -