TY - JOUR
T1 - Age and sex differences in sympathetic and hemodynamic responses to hypoxia and cold pressor test
AU - Miller, Amanda J.
AU - Cui, Jian
AU - Luck, J. Carter
AU - Sinoway, Lawrence I.
AU - Muller, Matthew D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding Information This project was supported by American Heart Association 15PRE24470033 (to A. J. Miller), and by the William R. Hikes Memorial Endowment for Heart Research (to A. J. Miller). This project was also supported, in part, by NIH Grants UL1 TR002014 (to L. I. Sinoway), and KL2 TR002015 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and also under a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health using Tobacco Cure Funds (to M. D. Muller). The Pennsylvania Department of Health and the NIH specifically disclaim responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions. The authors would like to acknowledge A. Cauffman and C. Blaha for their nursing support and thank J. Stoner and K. Gray for administrative support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.
PY - 2019/1
Y1 - 2019/1
N2 - Emerging evidence suggests that sympathetic vasoconstriction is lower in young women. We hypothesized that increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during acute physiological stressors induce less vasoconstriction in young women compared to young men. Healthy young men (n = 10, 27 ± 1 years), young women (n = 12, 25 ± 1 years), and older women (n = 10, 63 ± 6 years) performed the cold pressor test (hand in ice for 2 min) and continuous hypoxia (10% O 2 , 90% N 2 ) for 5 min. MSNA, femoral blood flow velocity, heart rate, and blood pressure were acquired continuously. Femoral artery diameter was obtained every minute and used to calculate femoral blood flow, and femoral vascular resistance and conductance. MSNA responses to cold pressor test (P = 0.345) and hypoxia (P = 0.969) were not different between groups. Young women had greater femoral blood flow (P = 0.002) and vascular conductance (P = 0.041) responses to cold pressor test compared with young men. The femoral blood flow response to hypoxia was not different between the two sexes but the increase in femoral flow was attenuated in older women compared with younger women (P = 0.036). These data show that young women had paradoxical vasodilation to cold pressor test. The mechanisms responsible for the attenuated sympathetic vasoconstriction or for enhanced vasodilation in young women during the CPT require further investigation.
AB - Emerging evidence suggests that sympathetic vasoconstriction is lower in young women. We hypothesized that increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during acute physiological stressors induce less vasoconstriction in young women compared to young men. Healthy young men (n = 10, 27 ± 1 years), young women (n = 12, 25 ± 1 years), and older women (n = 10, 63 ± 6 years) performed the cold pressor test (hand in ice for 2 min) and continuous hypoxia (10% O 2 , 90% N 2 ) for 5 min. MSNA, femoral blood flow velocity, heart rate, and blood pressure were acquired continuously. Femoral artery diameter was obtained every minute and used to calculate femoral blood flow, and femoral vascular resistance and conductance. MSNA responses to cold pressor test (P = 0.345) and hypoxia (P = 0.969) were not different between groups. Young women had greater femoral blood flow (P = 0.002) and vascular conductance (P = 0.041) responses to cold pressor test compared with young men. The femoral blood flow response to hypoxia was not different between the two sexes but the increase in femoral flow was attenuated in older women compared with younger women (P = 0.036). These data show that young women had paradoxical vasodilation to cold pressor test. The mechanisms responsible for the attenuated sympathetic vasoconstriction or for enhanced vasodilation in young women during the CPT require further investigation.
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U2 - 10.14814/phy2.13988
DO - 10.14814/phy2.13988
M3 - Article
C2 - 30659773
AN - SCOPUS:85060159769
VL - 7
JO - Physiological Reports
JF - Physiological Reports
SN - 2051-817X
IS - 2
M1 - e13988
ER -