TY - JOUR
T1 - Age of acquisition of 299 words in seven languages
T2 - American English, Czech, Gaelic, Lebanese Arabic, Malay, Persian and Western Armenian
AU - Łuniewska, Magdalena
AU - Wodniecka, Zofia
AU - Miller, Carol A.
AU - Smolík, Filip
AU - Butcher, Morna
AU - Chondrogianni, Vasiliki
AU - Hreich, Edith Kouba
AU - Messarra, Camille
AU - Razak, Rogayah A.
AU - Treffers-Daller, Jeanine
AU - Yap, Ngee Thai
AU - Abboud, Layal
AU - Talebi, Ali
AU - Gureghian, Maribel
AU - Tuller, Laurice
AU - Haman, Ewa
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was designed as a part of a multilingual parallel construction procedure of LITMUS Cross-linguistic Lexical Tasks (www. psychologia.pl/clts) within the networking program COST Action IS0804 ?Language Impairment in a Multilingual Society: Linguistic Patterns and the Road to Assessment? (www.bi-sli.org; 2010-2013). The research (website design and maintenance) was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Grant No. 809/N-COST/2010/0, awarded to the Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, in cooperation with Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University; Principal Investigators: Ewa Haman & Zofia Wodniecka). The research was supported by Visegrad Fund (Standard Grant 21420015: ?Bilingual assessment of child lexical knowledge: new method for Polish, Czech, Slovak and Hungarian? awarded to the Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw; PI Ewa Haman), internal grant of Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw (DSM 11710/2017; PI Magdalena ?uniewska), Ko?ciuszko Foundation fellowship awarded to Ewa Haman (2015) and Mobility Plus Fellowship from Ministry of Science and Higher Education awarded to Zofia Wodniecka (2015), CeLM Pump Priming Fund, University of Reading, UK awarded to Jeanine Treffers-Daller (2014): ?Developing Crosslinguistic Lexical Tasks for Bilingual Malay Children in Malaysia?, and B?rd na G?idhlig grant awarded to Vicky Chondrogianni (2017, award number: 1718/44): ?Supporting children with Developmental Language Disorder in Gaelic-medium primary education?. This study was designed as a part of a multilingual parallel construction procedure of LITMUS Cross-linguistic Lexical Tasks (www.psychologia.pl/clts) within the networking program COST Action IS0804 ?Language Impairment in a Multilingual Society: Linguistic Patterns and the Road to Assessment? (www.bi-sli.org; 2010?2013). We are grateful to Bart?omiej Etenkowski for providing the software applied for data collection. We thank Judy Kroll for making the collection of data in the US possible and Gabby Ter-razas for assistance in the study preparation. We are also grateful to all assistants who contributed to subject recruitment, and to all participants who provided their ratings for the current study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Łuniewska et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2019/8/1
Y1 - 2019/8/1
N2 - We present a new set of subjective Age of Acquisition (AoA) ratings for 299 words (158 nouns, 141 verbs) in seven languages from various language families and cultural settings: American English, Czech, Scottish Gaelic, Lebanese Arabic, Malaysian Malay, Persian, and Western Armenian. The ratings were collected from a total of 173 participants and were highly reliable in each language. We applied the same method of data collection as used in a previous study on 25 languages which allowed us to create a database of fully comparable AoA ratings of 299 words in 32 languages. We found that in the seven languages not included in the previous study, the words are estimated to be acquired at roughly the same age as in the previously reported languages, i.e. mostly between the ages of 1 and 7 years. We also found that the order of word acquisition is moderately to highly correlated across all 32 languages, which extends our previous conclusion that early words are acquired in similar order across a wide range of languages and cultures.
AB - We present a new set of subjective Age of Acquisition (AoA) ratings for 299 words (158 nouns, 141 verbs) in seven languages from various language families and cultural settings: American English, Czech, Scottish Gaelic, Lebanese Arabic, Malaysian Malay, Persian, and Western Armenian. The ratings were collected from a total of 173 participants and were highly reliable in each language. We applied the same method of data collection as used in a previous study on 25 languages which allowed us to create a database of fully comparable AoA ratings of 299 words in 32 languages. We found that in the seven languages not included in the previous study, the words are estimated to be acquired at roughly the same age as in the previously reported languages, i.e. mostly between the ages of 1 and 7 years. We also found that the order of word acquisition is moderately to highly correlated across all 32 languages, which extends our previous conclusion that early words are acquired in similar order across a wide range of languages and cultures.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0220611
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0220611
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31393919
AN - SCOPUS:85070390130
VL - 14
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 8
M1 - e0220611
ER -