An update on arthroscopy and endoscopy of the foot and ankle

Purpose of review: As orthopedic procedures tend towards more minimally invasive techniques, A of foot and ankle surgery continue to flourish in this area. Whereas some procedures are being fine-tuned through research, others are just beginning to be explored. Recent findings: Over thepast year several research studies have focusedonfoot and ankle arthroscopy and endoscopy. Areas of recent research include arthrodesis; the treatment of ankle instability,posttraumatic arthro-fibrosis, osteochondral lesions, retrocalcaneal pathology, and first metatarsophalangeal pathology; and post arthroscopy analgesia. As much of this research is in the early stages of development, many of these are retrospective reviews of new procedures and techniques. Summary: Strides have been made over the past few years towards improving the treatment of foot and ankle pathology through minimally invasive techniques. The ground has been laid in many areas, through many prospective and retrospective studies, leaving ample opportunity for more level 1 evidence to deepen our knowledge of a quickly progressing field.