Anisotropy studies on aligned powder: Confirmation of the collective-pinning theory for anisotropic materials

Investigations on aligned (Formula presented) powder were performed by measuring magnetization parallel and perpendicular to the applied magnetic field as a function of temperature, field, and the field orientation in the irreversible regime. The anisotropy ratio (Formula presented) is found indicating that Hg-1212 is one of the least anisotropic materials among the technically important high-(Formula presented) superconducting families. The scaling results for the magnetic field and the in-plane and the out-of-plane critical current densities agree precisely with the collective pinning theory and its scaling approach for anisotropic materials.