TY - JOUR
T1 - Associated Links Among Smoking, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Small Cell Lung Cancer
T2 - A Pooled Analysis in the International Lung Cancer Consortium
AU - Huang, Ruyi
AU - Wei, Yongyue
AU - Hung, Rayjean J.
AU - Liu, Geoffrey
AU - Su, Li
AU - Zhang, Ruyang
AU - Zong, Xuchen
AU - Zhang, Zuo Feng
AU - Morgenstern, Hal
AU - Brüske, Irene
AU - Heinrich, Joachim
AU - Hong, Yun Chul
AU - Kim, Jin Hee
AU - Cote, Michele
AU - Wenzlaff, Angela
AU - Schwartz, Ann G.
AU - Stucker, Isabelle
AU - Mclaughlin, John
AU - Marcus, Michael W.
AU - Davies, Michael P.A.
AU - Liloglou, Triantafillos
AU - Field, John K.
AU - Matsuo, Keitaro
AU - Barnett, Matt
AU - Thornquist, Mark
AU - Goodman, Gary
AU - Wang, Yi
AU - Chen, Size
AU - Yang, Ping
AU - Duell, Eric J.
AU - Andrew, Angeline S.
AU - Lazarus, Philip
AU - Muscat, Joshua
AU - Woll, Penella
AU - Horsman, Janet
AU - Dawn Teare, M.
AU - Flugelman, Anath
AU - Rennert, Gad
AU - Zhang, Yan
AU - Brenner, Hermann
AU - Stegmaier, Christa
AU - van der Heijden, Erik H.F.M.
AU - Aben, Katja
AU - Kiemeney, Lambertus
AU - Barros-Dios, Juan
AU - Pérez-Ríos, Monica
AU - Ruano-Ravina, Alberto
AU - Caporaso, Neil E.
AU - Bertazzi, Pier Alberto
AU - Landi, Maria Teresa
AU - Dai, Juncheng
AU - Shen, Hongbing
AU - Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo
AU - Rodriguez-Suarez, Marta
AU - Tardon, Adonina
AU - Christiani, David C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health and National Cancer Institute (Grants CA092824 , CA074386 , CA090578 , ES00002 , CA80127 , CA84354 , CA68384 , the Intramural Research Program , CA060691 , HHSN261201000028C , P30CA022453 , CA167462 , DA11386 , CA90833 , CA77954 , CA09142 , CA96134 , and ES011667 ); BfS (Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Germany) (Grant St. Sch 1066 , 4074 , 4074/1 ); Mayo Clinic Foundation ; Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute (Grant 020214 ); FIS/Spain (Grant FIS-01/310 , FIS-PI03-0365 , and FIS-07-BI060604 ); FICYT/Asturias (Grants FICYT PB02-67 and FICYT IB09-133 ); Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation in UK; Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture, and Technology of Japan (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority and Innovative Areas); Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan [Third-Term Comprehensive 10-Year Strategy for Cancer Control]; National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund ( 23-A-4 ); Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants for Research on Applying Health Technology from Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare ; the Bi-national Israel–US Science Foundation ; the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of Science Research and Arts Foundation ; the Ann Fitzpatrick Alper Research Program for Environmental Genomics of the University of California at Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center. Dr. Wei is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 81402764 ) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu, China (Grant BK20140907 ). Dr. Zhang is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81402763 ).
Funding Information:
We thank Dr. June Carroll and the Mount Sinai Hospital Granovsky Gluskin Family Medicine Centre for helping with the recruitment of the MSH-PMH study. We thank the study participants and the Lung Cancer Study Team of the MGH Thoracic Oncology Center.
PY - 2015/11/1
Y1 - 2015/11/1
N2 - Background: The high relapse and mortality rate of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) fuels the need for epidemiologic study to aid in its prevention. Methods: We included 24 studies from the ILCCO collaboration. Random-effects panel logistic regression and cubic spline regression were used to estimate the effects of smoking behaviors on SCLC risk and explore their non-linearity. Further, we explored whether the risk of smoking on SCLC was mediated through COPD. Findings: Significant dose-response relationships of SCLC risk were observed for all quantitative smoking variables. Smoking pack-years were associated with a sharper increase of SCLC risk for pack-years ranged 0 to approximately 50. The former smokers with longer cessation showed a 43%quit_for_5-9 years to 89%quit_for_≥20 years declined SCLC risk vs. subjectswho had quit smoking <5 years. Compared with non-COPD subjects, smoking behaviors showed a significantly higher effect on SCLC risk among COPD subjects, and further, COPD patients showed a 1.86-fold higher risk of SCLC. Furthermore, smoking behaviors on SCLC riskwere significantlymediated through COPD which accounted for 0.70% to 7.55% of total effects. Interpretation: This is the largest pooling study that provides improved understanding of smoking on SCLC, and further demonstrates a causal pathway through COPD that warrants further experimental study.
AB - Background: The high relapse and mortality rate of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) fuels the need for epidemiologic study to aid in its prevention. Methods: We included 24 studies from the ILCCO collaboration. Random-effects panel logistic regression and cubic spline regression were used to estimate the effects of smoking behaviors on SCLC risk and explore their non-linearity. Further, we explored whether the risk of smoking on SCLC was mediated through COPD. Findings: Significant dose-response relationships of SCLC risk were observed for all quantitative smoking variables. Smoking pack-years were associated with a sharper increase of SCLC risk for pack-years ranged 0 to approximately 50. The former smokers with longer cessation showed a 43%quit_for_5-9 years to 89%quit_for_≥20 years declined SCLC risk vs. subjectswho had quit smoking <5 years. Compared with non-COPD subjects, smoking behaviors showed a significantly higher effect on SCLC risk among COPD subjects, and further, COPD patients showed a 1.86-fold higher risk of SCLC. Furthermore, smoking behaviors on SCLC riskwere significantlymediated through COPD which accounted for 0.70% to 7.55% of total effects. Interpretation: This is the largest pooling study that provides improved understanding of smoking on SCLC, and further demonstrates a causal pathway through COPD that warrants further experimental study.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.031
DO - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.031
M3 - Article
C2 - 26870794
AN - SCOPUS:84958846161
VL - 2
SP - 1677
EP - 1685
JO - EBioMedicine
JF - EBioMedicine
SN - 2352-3964
IS - 11
ER -