TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults
AU - Cong, Jianping
AU - Chu, Chu
AU - Li, Qing Qing
AU - Zhou, Yang
AU - (Min) Qian, Zhengmin
AU - Dee Geiger, Sarah
AU - Vaughn, Michael G.
AU - Zeng, Xiao Wen
AU - Liu, Ru Qing
AU - Hu, Li Wen
AU - Yang, Bo Yi
AU - Chen, Gongbo
AU - Zeeshan, Mohammed
AU - Sun, Xiao
AU - Xiang, Mingdeng
AU - Dong, Guang Hui
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81950410633 , 82003409 , 81903287 and 82073503 ), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFE0106900 and 2018YFC1004300 ), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2019A050510017 , 2018B05052007 and 2017A090905042 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 19ykjc01 ). The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Background: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), a group of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternatives, can be widely observed in humans and environmental matrices. However, associations between exposure to Cl-PFESAs and serum lipid levels in adults are unknown. Objective: To explore the relationships between Cl-PFESA levels and serum lipid levels in adults. Methods: We analyzed 1238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project, a cross-sectional study conducted in China from July 2015 to October 2016. The average age of the participants was 61.98 ± 14.40 years. We quantified two select legacy per- and perfluoroalkyl substances [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFOS] and their alternatives (6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs). We also measured four serum lipids: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). We used generalized linear models to estimate the associations between PFASs and serum lipids, with PFASs defined as either a categorical variable divided into quartiles or as a continuous variable. Results: We found that 6:2 Cl-PFESA was positively associated with serum TC and LDL-C. For instance, LDL-C levels in the highest quartile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure (Q4) were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) [β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.30]. Further analysis showed that one ln-ng/mL increase in 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure corresponded to a 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.16) LDL-C increase, and that exposure to 8:2 Cl-PFESA was negatively correlated with HDL-C (β: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). TC had a similar relationship with both 6:2 Cl-PFESA and legacy PFASs. Participants with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 exhibited a stronger association between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and TC. Conclusions: Our findings make the novel suggestion that exposure to Cl-PFESAs are adversely associated with serum lipid levels, and that such associations are also observed in legacy PFASs. Increased investigation into the effects of Cl-PFESAs exposure on human health is warranted.
AB - Background: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), a group of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternatives, can be widely observed in humans and environmental matrices. However, associations between exposure to Cl-PFESAs and serum lipid levels in adults are unknown. Objective: To explore the relationships between Cl-PFESA levels and serum lipid levels in adults. Methods: We analyzed 1238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project, a cross-sectional study conducted in China from July 2015 to October 2016. The average age of the participants was 61.98 ± 14.40 years. We quantified two select legacy per- and perfluoroalkyl substances [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFOS] and their alternatives (6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs). We also measured four serum lipids: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). We used generalized linear models to estimate the associations between PFASs and serum lipids, with PFASs defined as either a categorical variable divided into quartiles or as a continuous variable. Results: We found that 6:2 Cl-PFESA was positively associated with serum TC and LDL-C. For instance, LDL-C levels in the highest quartile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure (Q4) were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) [β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.30]. Further analysis showed that one ln-ng/mL increase in 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure corresponded to a 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.16) LDL-C increase, and that exposure to 8:2 Cl-PFESA was negatively correlated with HDL-C (β: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). TC had a similar relationship with both 6:2 Cl-PFESA and legacy PFASs. Participants with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 exhibited a stronger association between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and TC. Conclusions: Our findings make the novel suggestion that exposure to Cl-PFESAs are adversely associated with serum lipid levels, and that such associations are also observed in legacy PFASs. Increased investigation into the effects of Cl-PFESAs exposure on human health is warranted.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596
M3 - Article
C2 - 33940391
AN - SCOPUS:85107655740
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 155
JO - Environmental International
JF - Environmental International
M1 - 106596
ER -
