@article{429c39e04ccc421da1ea2f4c740a7c89,
title = "Attachment-related regulatory processes moderate the impact of adverse childhood experiences on stress reaction in borderline personality disorder",
abstract = "In this study, the authors explored whether attachment insecurity moderates the effects of adverse childhood experiences on stress reactivity in the context of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Participants were 113 women (39 with BPD, 15 with some BPD criteria present, 59 without any BPD symptoms) who participated in the Trier Social Stress Test. Saliva samples were collected before and after the stressor and assayed for salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and cortisol. Adverse childhood experiences were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and attachment by the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire. Results revealed that attachment avoidance and a combination of more adverse childhood experiences and attachment insecurity resulted in higher sAA levels and differences in reactivity to the stressor. Interactions between attachment anxiety and adverse childhood experiences were related to blunted cortisol reactivity. The results suggest that the influence of adverse childhood experiences on stress regulation in BPD may be moderated by attachment-related regulatory processes.",
author = "Ehrenthal, {Johannes C.} and Levy, {Kenneth N.} and Scott, {Lori N.} and Granger, {Douglas A.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by grants to Kenneth N. Levy from the Pennsylvania State University Social Science Research Institute, International Psychoanalytic Association, and American Psychoanalytic Association, and by grants to Lori N. Scott from the National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH081395, PI: Lori N. Scott), the Pennsylvania State University College of Liberal Arts, and the American Psychological Association. Parts of the sample were used in the doctoral dissertation of Lori N. Scott. We would like to thank Joseph E. Beeney, PhD, William D. Ellison, PhD, Ann B. Stonebraker, MS, Christina M. Temes, MS, Rachel H. Wasserman, PhD, and Samantha Bernecker, MS, for their assistance in conducting interview assessments. We would also like to thank Amber L. Walser, PsyD, Rachel L. Tomko, Stevie N. Grassetti, MA, Samantha Bernecker, and Laura Moser for their assistance in recruiting participants and technical assistance, and the members of the lab who contributed to the study by serving as judges in the Trier Social Stress Test and coding data. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Guilford Press.",
year = "2018",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1521/pedi.2018.32.supp.93",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "32",
pages = "93--114",
journal = "Journal of Personality Disorders",
issn = "0885-579X",
publisher = "Guilford Publications",
}
