TY - JOUR
T1 - Cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus strains ATCC 53524 and ATCC 23768
T2 - Pellicle formation, post-synthesis aggregation and fiber density
AU - Lee, Christopher M.
AU - Gu, Jin
AU - Kafle, Kabindra
AU - Catchmark, Jeffrey
AU - Kim, Seong H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported as part of The Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science under Award Number DE-SC0001090 . SEM and XRD were supported by the Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Institute Nanofabrication Lab and the National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. ECS-0335765 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/7/27
Y1 - 2015/7/27
N2 - Abstract The pellicle formation, crystallinity, and bundling of cellulose microfibrils produced by bacterium Gluconacetobacter xylinus were studied. Cellulose pellicles were produced by two strains (ATCC 53524 and ATCC 23769) for 1 and 7 days; pellicles were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrational sum-frequency-generation (SFG) spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. The bacterial cell population was higher at the surface exposed to air, indicating that the newly synthesized cellulose is deposited at the top of the pellicle. XRD, ATR-IR, and SFG analyses found no significant changes in the cellulose crystallinity, crystal size or polymorphic distribution with the culture time. However, SEM and SFG analyses revealed cellulose macrofibrils produced for 7 days had a higher packing density at the top of the pellicle, compared to the bottom. These findings suggest that the physical properties of cellulose microfibrils are different locally within the bacterial pellicles.
AB - Abstract The pellicle formation, crystallinity, and bundling of cellulose microfibrils produced by bacterium Gluconacetobacter xylinus were studied. Cellulose pellicles were produced by two strains (ATCC 53524 and ATCC 23769) for 1 and 7 days; pellicles were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrational sum-frequency-generation (SFG) spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. The bacterial cell population was higher at the surface exposed to air, indicating that the newly synthesized cellulose is deposited at the top of the pellicle. XRD, ATR-IR, and SFG analyses found no significant changes in the cellulose crystallinity, crystal size or polymorphic distribution with the culture time. However, SEM and SFG analyses revealed cellulose macrofibrils produced for 7 days had a higher packing density at the top of the pellicle, compared to the bottom. These findings suggest that the physical properties of cellulose microfibrils are different locally within the bacterial pellicles.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.091
DO - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.091
M3 - Article
C2 - 26344281
AN - SCOPUS:84937865268
VL - 133
SP - 270
EP - 276
JO - Carbohydrate Polymers
JF - Carbohydrate Polymers
SN - 0144-8617
M1 - 10082
ER -