Abstract
Background: Insomnia has been associated in cross-sectional studies with increased beta (15–35 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) power during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, an index of cortical hyperarousal. However, it is unknown whether this cortical hyperarousal is present before individuals with insomnia develop the disorder. To fill this gap, we examined the association of childhood sleep high-frequency EEG activity with incident insomnia symptoms (i.e., absence of insomnia symptoms in childhood but presence in adolescence). Methods: We studied a case–control subsample of 45 children (6–11 years) from the Penn State Child Cohort, a population-based random sample of 421 children, who were followed up after 8 years as adolescents (13–20 years). We examined low-beta (15–25 Hz) and high-beta (25–35 Hz) relative power at central EEG derivations during NREM sleep and, in secondary analyses, during sleep onset latency, sleep onset, and REM sleep. Incident insomnia symptoms were defined as the absence of parent-reported difficulty falling and/or staying asleep during childhood and a self-report of these insomnia symptoms during adolescence. Results: Childhood high-beta power during NREM sleep was significantly increased in children who developed insomnia symptoms in adolescence (n = 25) as compared to normal sleeping controls (n = 20; p =.03). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that increased childhood high-beta EEG power during NREM sleep was associated with a threefold increased odds (95% CI = 1.12–7.98) of incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. No other significant relationships were observed for other sleep/wake states or EEG frequency bands. Conclusions: Increased childhood high-frequency EEG power during NREM sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. This study indicates that cortical hyperarousal during sleep may be a premorbid neurophysiological sign of insomnia, which may mediate the increased risk of psychiatric disorders associated with insomnia.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 742-751 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 1 2019 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
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Childhood high-frequency EEG activity during sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. / Fernandez-Mendoza, Julio; Li, Yun; Fang, Jidong; Calhoun, Susan; Vgontzas, Alexandros; Liao, Duanping; Bixler, Edward.
In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, Vol. 60, No. 7, 01.07.2019, p. 742-751.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Childhood high-frequency EEG activity during sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence
AU - Fernandez-Mendoza, Julio
AU - Li, Yun
AU - Fang, Jidong
AU - Calhoun, Susan
AU - Vgontzas, Alexandros
AU - Liao, Duanping
AU - Bixler, Edward
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Background: Insomnia has been associated in cross-sectional studies with increased beta (15–35 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) power during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, an index of cortical hyperarousal. However, it is unknown whether this cortical hyperarousal is present before individuals with insomnia develop the disorder. To fill this gap, we examined the association of childhood sleep high-frequency EEG activity with incident insomnia symptoms (i.e., absence of insomnia symptoms in childhood but presence in adolescence). Methods: We studied a case–control subsample of 45 children (6–11 years) from the Penn State Child Cohort, a population-based random sample of 421 children, who were followed up after 8 years as adolescents (13–20 years). We examined low-beta (15–25 Hz) and high-beta (25–35 Hz) relative power at central EEG derivations during NREM sleep and, in secondary analyses, during sleep onset latency, sleep onset, and REM sleep. Incident insomnia symptoms were defined as the absence of parent-reported difficulty falling and/or staying asleep during childhood and a self-report of these insomnia symptoms during adolescence. Results: Childhood high-beta power during NREM sleep was significantly increased in children who developed insomnia symptoms in adolescence (n = 25) as compared to normal sleeping controls (n = 20; p =.03). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that increased childhood high-beta EEG power during NREM sleep was associated with a threefold increased odds (95% CI = 1.12–7.98) of incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. No other significant relationships were observed for other sleep/wake states or EEG frequency bands. Conclusions: Increased childhood high-frequency EEG power during NREM sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. This study indicates that cortical hyperarousal during sleep may be a premorbid neurophysiological sign of insomnia, which may mediate the increased risk of psychiatric disorders associated with insomnia.
AB - Background: Insomnia has been associated in cross-sectional studies with increased beta (15–35 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) power during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, an index of cortical hyperarousal. However, it is unknown whether this cortical hyperarousal is present before individuals with insomnia develop the disorder. To fill this gap, we examined the association of childhood sleep high-frequency EEG activity with incident insomnia symptoms (i.e., absence of insomnia symptoms in childhood but presence in adolescence). Methods: We studied a case–control subsample of 45 children (6–11 years) from the Penn State Child Cohort, a population-based random sample of 421 children, who were followed up after 8 years as adolescents (13–20 years). We examined low-beta (15–25 Hz) and high-beta (25–35 Hz) relative power at central EEG derivations during NREM sleep and, in secondary analyses, during sleep onset latency, sleep onset, and REM sleep. Incident insomnia symptoms were defined as the absence of parent-reported difficulty falling and/or staying asleep during childhood and a self-report of these insomnia symptoms during adolescence. Results: Childhood high-beta power during NREM sleep was significantly increased in children who developed insomnia symptoms in adolescence (n = 25) as compared to normal sleeping controls (n = 20; p =.03). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that increased childhood high-beta EEG power during NREM sleep was associated with a threefold increased odds (95% CI = 1.12–7.98) of incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. No other significant relationships were observed for other sleep/wake states or EEG frequency bands. Conclusions: Increased childhood high-frequency EEG power during NREM sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. This study indicates that cortical hyperarousal during sleep may be a premorbid neurophysiological sign of insomnia, which may mediate the increased risk of psychiatric disorders associated with insomnia.
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U2 - 10.1111/jcpp.12945
DO - 10.1111/jcpp.12945
M3 - Article
C2 - 29989664
AN - SCOPUS:85050470177
VL - 60
SP - 742
EP - 751
JO - Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines
JF - Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines
SN - 0021-9630
IS - 7
ER -