TY - JOUR
T1 - Contributions to the Surface Downwelling Longwave Irradiance during Arctic Winter at Utqia-gvik (Barrow), Alaska
AU - Sokolowsky, G. Alexander
AU - Sokolowsky, G. Alexander
AU - Clothiaux, Eugene E.
AU - Baggett, Cory F.
AU - Baggett, Cory F.
AU - Baggett, Cory F.
AU - Lee, Sukyoung
AU - Feldstein, Steven B.
AU - Eloranta, Edwin W.
AU - Cadeddu, Maria P.
AU - Bharadwaj, Nitin
AU - Johnson, Karen L.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments. E. Clothiaux’s contribution to this research was funded by subcontract 300324 of The Pennsylvania State University with the Brookhaven National Laboratory in support of the ARM-ASR Radar Science Group. The contribution to this research by Sukyoung Lee and Steven Feldstein was funded by National Science Foundation Grant OPP-1723832. Data were obtained from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science user facility managed by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The five anonymous reviewers of the paper provided detailed, thorough comments and suggestions that enriched substantially the content of the paper. The editor, Xianglei Huang, was gracious in allowing the time necessary to deal meaningfully with all of the reviewer comments.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Meteorological Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Intrusions of warm, moist air into the Arctic during winter have emerged as important contributors to Arctic surface warming. Previous studies indicate that temperature, moisture, and hydrometeor enhancements during intrusions allmake contributions to surface warming via emission of radiation down to the surface. Here, datasets from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement User Facility in Utqia_gvik (formerly Barrow) for the six months from November through April for the six winter seasons of 2013/14-2018/19 were used to quantify the atmospheric state. These datasets subsequently served as inputs to compute surface downwelling longwave irradiances via radiative transfer computations at 1-min intervals with different combinations of constituents over the six winter seasons. The computed six winter average irradiance with all constituents included was 205.0Wm22, close to the average measured irradiance of 206.7Wm22, a difference of 20.8%. During this period, water vapor was the most important contributor to the irradiance. The computed average irradiance with dry gas was 71.9Wm22. Separately adding water vapor, liquid, or ice to the dry atmosphere led to average increases of 2.4, 1.8, and 1.6 times the dry atmosphere irradiance, respectively. During the analysis period, 15 episodes of warm, moist air intrusions were identified. During the intrusions, individual contributions from elevated temperature, water vapor, liquid water, and ice water were found to be comparable to each other. These findings indicate that all properties of the atmospheric state must be known in order to quantify the radiation coming down to the Arctic surface during winter.
AB - Intrusions of warm, moist air into the Arctic during winter have emerged as important contributors to Arctic surface warming. Previous studies indicate that temperature, moisture, and hydrometeor enhancements during intrusions allmake contributions to surface warming via emission of radiation down to the surface. Here, datasets from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement User Facility in Utqia_gvik (formerly Barrow) for the six months from November through April for the six winter seasons of 2013/14-2018/19 were used to quantify the atmospheric state. These datasets subsequently served as inputs to compute surface downwelling longwave irradiances via radiative transfer computations at 1-min intervals with different combinations of constituents over the six winter seasons. The computed six winter average irradiance with all constituents included was 205.0Wm22, close to the average measured irradiance of 206.7Wm22, a difference of 20.8%. During this period, water vapor was the most important contributor to the irradiance. The computed average irradiance with dry gas was 71.9Wm22. Separately adding water vapor, liquid, or ice to the dry atmosphere led to average increases of 2.4, 1.8, and 1.6 times the dry atmosphere irradiance, respectively. During the analysis period, 15 episodes of warm, moist air intrusions were identified. During the intrusions, individual contributions from elevated temperature, water vapor, liquid water, and ice water were found to be comparable to each other. These findings indicate that all properties of the atmospheric state must be known in order to quantify the radiation coming down to the Arctic surface during winter.
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U2 - 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0876.1
DO - 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0876.1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85087202722
VL - 33
SP - 4555
EP - 4577
JO - Journal of Climate
JF - Journal of Climate
SN - 0894-8755
IS - 11
ER -