TY - JOUR
T1 - Control of species-dependent cortico-motoneuronal connections underlying manual dexterity
AU - Gu, Zirong
AU - Kalamboglas, John
AU - Yoshioka, Shin
AU - Han, Wenqi
AU - Li, Zhuo
AU - Kawasawa, Yuka Imamura
AU - Pochareddy, Sirisha
AU - Li, Zhen
AU - Liu, Fuchen
AU - Xu, Xuming
AU - Wijeratne, Sagara
AU - Ueno, Masaki
AU - Blatz, Emily
AU - Salomone, Joseph
AU - Kumanogoh, Atsushi
AU - Rasin, Mladen Roko
AU - Gebelein, Brian
AU - Weirauch, Matthew T.
AU - Sestan, Nenad
AU - Martin, John H.
AU - Yoshida, Yutaka
PY - 2017/7/28
Y1 - 2017/7/28
N2 - Superior manual dexterity in higher primates emerged together with the appearance of cortico-motoneuronal (CM) connections during the evolution of the mammalian corticospinal (CS) system. Previously thought to be specific to higher primates, we identified transient CM connections in early postnatal mice, which are eventually eliminated by Sema6D-PlexA1 signaling. PlexA1 mutant mice maintain CM connections into adulthood and exhibit superior manual dexterity as compared with that of controls. Last, differing PlexA1 expression in layer 5 of the motor cortex, which is strong in wild-type mice but weak in humans, may be explained by FEZF2-mediated cis-regulatory elements that are found only in higher primates. Thus, species-dependent regulation of PlexA1 expression may have been crucial in the evolution of mammalian CS systems that improved fine motor control in higher primates.
AB - Superior manual dexterity in higher primates emerged together with the appearance of cortico-motoneuronal (CM) connections during the evolution of the mammalian corticospinal (CS) system. Previously thought to be specific to higher primates, we identified transient CM connections in early postnatal mice, which are eventually eliminated by Sema6D-PlexA1 signaling. PlexA1 mutant mice maintain CM connections into adulthood and exhibit superior manual dexterity as compared with that of controls. Last, differing PlexA1 expression in layer 5 of the motor cortex, which is strong in wild-type mice but weak in humans, may be explained by FEZF2-mediated cis-regulatory elements that are found only in higher primates. Thus, species-dependent regulation of PlexA1 expression may have been crucial in the evolution of mammalian CS systems that improved fine motor control in higher primates.
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U2 - 10.1126/science.aan3721
DO - 10.1126/science.aan3721
M3 - Article
C2 - 28751609
AN - SCOPUS:85026321771
VL - 357
SP - 400
EP - 404
JO - Science
JF - Science
SN - 0036-8075
IS - 6349
ER -