Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of direct costs associated with occurrence of depression in people with epilepsy. Methods: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Components (MEPS-HC) served as data source to identify adults (≥ 18 years) with epilepsy from 2003 to 2014, using the Clinical Classification Code CCC-83. Annual unadjusted per person total healthcare expenditures and individual cost components (inpatient, outpatient, prescription, emergency room, and home health) were compared between people with epilepsy and depression vs. without depression. A two-part model estimated the adjusted incremental direct cost of depression (total and individual cost components) among adults with epilepsy. The model was adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, insurance status, census region, income, Charlson Comorbidities index (CCI), and year trend. Results: Out of a weighted 1,942,413 US adults with epilepsy, 675,037 (34.7%) had a diagnosis of depression. Annual total unadjusted per person direct cost of depression was $5290 higher in people with epilepsy vs. without [$18,776 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16,241–21,311) vs. $13,486 (95%CI: 9780–17,191)]. Costs for outpatient and prescriptions were higher among people with epilepsy plus depression vs. without depression, but no differences were observed for inpatient, emergency room, and home health costs. In the adjusted model, total costs [$2523 (95%CI: 62–4984)], incremental annual direct costs per person for outpatient [$1940 (95%CI: 1266–2613)], prescriptions [$1285 (95%CI: 772–1798)], and emergency room [$191 (95%CI: 20–361)] were significantly higher for people with epilepsy plus depression. Unadjusted and adjusted incremental total aggregate annual direct costs of depression for people with epilepsy were $3.5 billion and $1.7 billion respectively. Conclusion: Costs of epilepsy with presence of depression in the US are high, and primarily driven by outpatient, prescriptions, and emergency room costs.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 96-100 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Epilepsy and Behavior |
| Volume | 98 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 1 2019 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Neurology
- Clinical Neurology
- Behavioral Neuroscience
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Costs and cost-drivers of a diagnosis of depression among adults with epilepsy in the United States. / Lekoubou Looti, Alain Zingraff; Bishu, Kinfe G.; Ovbiagele, Bruce.
In: Epilepsy and Behavior, Vol. 98, 01.09.2019, p. 96-100.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Costs and cost-drivers of a diagnosis of depression among adults with epilepsy in the United States
AU - Lekoubou Looti, Alain Zingraff
AU - Bishu, Kinfe G.
AU - Ovbiagele, Bruce
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of direct costs associated with occurrence of depression in people with epilepsy. Methods: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Components (MEPS-HC) served as data source to identify adults (≥ 18 years) with epilepsy from 2003 to 2014, using the Clinical Classification Code CCC-83. Annual unadjusted per person total healthcare expenditures and individual cost components (inpatient, outpatient, prescription, emergency room, and home health) were compared between people with epilepsy and depression vs. without depression. A two-part model estimated the adjusted incremental direct cost of depression (total and individual cost components) among adults with epilepsy. The model was adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, insurance status, census region, income, Charlson Comorbidities index (CCI), and year trend. Results: Out of a weighted 1,942,413 US adults with epilepsy, 675,037 (34.7%) had a diagnosis of depression. Annual total unadjusted per person direct cost of depression was $5290 higher in people with epilepsy vs. without [$18,776 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16,241–21,311) vs. $13,486 (95%CI: 9780–17,191)]. Costs for outpatient and prescriptions were higher among people with epilepsy plus depression vs. without depression, but no differences were observed for inpatient, emergency room, and home health costs. In the adjusted model, total costs [$2523 (95%CI: 62–4984)], incremental annual direct costs per person for outpatient [$1940 (95%CI: 1266–2613)], prescriptions [$1285 (95%CI: 772–1798)], and emergency room [$191 (95%CI: 20–361)] were significantly higher for people with epilepsy plus depression. Unadjusted and adjusted incremental total aggregate annual direct costs of depression for people with epilepsy were $3.5 billion and $1.7 billion respectively. Conclusion: Costs of epilepsy with presence of depression in the US are high, and primarily driven by outpatient, prescriptions, and emergency room costs.
AB - Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of direct costs associated with occurrence of depression in people with epilepsy. Methods: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Components (MEPS-HC) served as data source to identify adults (≥ 18 years) with epilepsy from 2003 to 2014, using the Clinical Classification Code CCC-83. Annual unadjusted per person total healthcare expenditures and individual cost components (inpatient, outpatient, prescription, emergency room, and home health) were compared between people with epilepsy and depression vs. without depression. A two-part model estimated the adjusted incremental direct cost of depression (total and individual cost components) among adults with epilepsy. The model was adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, insurance status, census region, income, Charlson Comorbidities index (CCI), and year trend. Results: Out of a weighted 1,942,413 US adults with epilepsy, 675,037 (34.7%) had a diagnosis of depression. Annual total unadjusted per person direct cost of depression was $5290 higher in people with epilepsy vs. without [$18,776 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16,241–21,311) vs. $13,486 (95%CI: 9780–17,191)]. Costs for outpatient and prescriptions were higher among people with epilepsy plus depression vs. without depression, but no differences were observed for inpatient, emergency room, and home health costs. In the adjusted model, total costs [$2523 (95%CI: 62–4984)], incremental annual direct costs per person for outpatient [$1940 (95%CI: 1266–2613)], prescriptions [$1285 (95%CI: 772–1798)], and emergency room [$191 (95%CI: 20–361)] were significantly higher for people with epilepsy plus depression. Unadjusted and adjusted incremental total aggregate annual direct costs of depression for people with epilepsy were $3.5 billion and $1.7 billion respectively. Conclusion: Costs of epilepsy with presence of depression in the US are high, and primarily driven by outpatient, prescriptions, and emergency room costs.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85068519714&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85068519714&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.047
DO - 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.047
M3 - Article
C2 - 31301456
AN - SCOPUS:85068519714
VL - 98
SP - 96
EP - 100
JO - Epilepsy and Behavior
JF - Epilepsy and Behavior
SN - 1525-5050
ER -