TY - JOUR
T1 - Detection of extreme phenomena in the stable boundary layer over the Amazonian forest
AU - Miranda, Francisco O.
AU - Ramos, Fernando M.
AU - Randow, Celso von
AU - Dias-Júnior, Cléo Q.
AU - Chamecki, Marcelo
AU - Fuentes, Jose D.
AU - Manzi, Antônio O.
AU - de Oliveira, Marceliano E.
AU - de Souza, Cledenilson M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research has received financial support for field studies from the U. S. Department of Energy (grant SC0011075), from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM), and to Amazonas State University for support [SISPROJ-43097 and 53997].
Funding Information:
This research has received financial support for field studies from the U. S. Department of Energy (grant SC0011075), from Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM), and to Amazonas State University for support [SISPROJ-43097 and 53997]. Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge The Large-scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA). Thanks also to SOS-CHUVA Project and to Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) and Thiago Biscaro for the availability of radar images. Special thanks to the three reviewers for their outstanding comments to improve the article and for all workers who participated in the field activities and to Wagner Anabor for fruitful discussions. Francisco Ot?vio Miranda is thankful to FAPEAM for scholarship.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors.
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - We apply different methods for detection of extreme phenomena (EP) in air-turbulent time series measured in the nocturnal boundary layer above the Amazon forest. The methods used were: (a) a Morlet complex wavelet transform, which is often used in analysis of non-linear application processes. Through the use of the wavelet, it is possible to observe a phase singularity that involves a strong interaction between an extensive range of scales; (b) recurrence plot tests, which were used to identify a sudden change between different stable atmospheric states. (c) statistical analysis of early-warning signals, which verify simultaneous increases in the autocorrelation function and in the variance in the state variable; and (d) analysis of wind speed versus turbulent kinetic energy to identify different turbulent regimes in the stable boundary layer. We found it is adequate to use a threshold to classify the cases of strong turbulence regime, as a result of the occurrence of EP in the tropical atmosphere. All methods used corroborate and indicate synergy between events that culminate in what we classify as EP of the stable boundary layer above the tropical forest.
AB - We apply different methods for detection of extreme phenomena (EP) in air-turbulent time series measured in the nocturnal boundary layer above the Amazon forest. The methods used were: (a) a Morlet complex wavelet transform, which is often used in analysis of non-linear application processes. Through the use of the wavelet, it is possible to observe a phase singularity that involves a strong interaction between an extensive range of scales; (b) recurrence plot tests, which were used to identify a sudden change between different stable atmospheric states. (c) statistical analysis of early-warning signals, which verify simultaneous increases in the autocorrelation function and in the variance in the state variable; and (d) analysis of wind speed versus turbulent kinetic energy to identify different turbulent regimes in the stable boundary layer. We found it is adequate to use a threshold to classify the cases of strong turbulence regime, as a result of the occurrence of EP in the tropical atmosphere. All methods used corroborate and indicate synergy between events that culminate in what we classify as EP of the stable boundary layer above the tropical forest.
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U2 - 10.3390/ATMOS11090952
DO - 10.3390/ATMOS11090952
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85091857748
VL - 11
JO - ATMOSPHERE
JF - ATMOSPHERE
SN - 2073-4433
IS - 9
M1 - 952
ER -