Abstract
Previous literature has shown that adding charcoal to cigarette filters can have varying effects on the delivery of toxic carbonyls depending on filter design, amount of charcoal, and puffing profiles. However, these studies have relied on either comparisons between commercially available charcoal and noncharcoal filtered cigarettes or experimental modification of filters to insert a charcoal plug into existing cellulose acetate filters. Make-your-own (MYO) cigarettes can help obviate many of the potential pitfalls of previous studies; thus, we conducted studies using commercial charcoal cigarettes and MYO cigarettes to determine the effects of charcoal on carbonyl delivery. To do this, we analyzed carbonyls in mainstream smoke by HPLC-UV after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). Charcoal was added in-line after the cigarettes or through the use of MYO charcoal cigarette tubes. MYO cigarettes had carbonyl deliveries similar to that of 3R4F research cigarette, regardless of tobacco type. The greatest effect on carbonyl delivery was observed with 200 mg of charcoal, significantly reducing all carbonyls under both methods tested. However, "on-tow" design charcoal filters, available on many commercially available charcoal brands, appeared to have a minimal effect on carbonyl delivery under intense smoking methods. Overall, we found that charcoal, when added in sufficient quantity (200 mg) as a plug, can substantially reduce carbonyl delivery for both MYO and conventional cigarettes. As carbonyls are related to negative health outcomes, such reductions may be associated with reductions in carbonyl-related harm in smokers.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1339-1347 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Chemical Research in Toxicology |
| Volume | 31 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 17 2018 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Toxicology
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Effects of Charcoal on Carbonyl Delivery from Commercial, Research, and Make-Your-Own Cigarettes. / Reilly, Samantha M.; Goel, Reema; Trushin, Neil; Bitzer, Zachary T.; Elias, Ryan; Muscat, Joshua; Richie, John.
In: Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 31, No. 12, 17.12.2018, p. 1339-1347.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Charcoal on Carbonyl Delivery from Commercial, Research, and Make-Your-Own Cigarettes
AU - Reilly, Samantha M.
AU - Goel, Reema
AU - Trushin, Neil
AU - Bitzer, Zachary T.
AU - Elias, Ryan
AU - Muscat, Joshua
AU - Richie, John
PY - 2018/12/17
Y1 - 2018/12/17
N2 - Previous literature has shown that adding charcoal to cigarette filters can have varying effects on the delivery of toxic carbonyls depending on filter design, amount of charcoal, and puffing profiles. However, these studies have relied on either comparisons between commercially available charcoal and noncharcoal filtered cigarettes or experimental modification of filters to insert a charcoal plug into existing cellulose acetate filters. Make-your-own (MYO) cigarettes can help obviate many of the potential pitfalls of previous studies; thus, we conducted studies using commercial charcoal cigarettes and MYO cigarettes to determine the effects of charcoal on carbonyl delivery. To do this, we analyzed carbonyls in mainstream smoke by HPLC-UV after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). Charcoal was added in-line after the cigarettes or through the use of MYO charcoal cigarette tubes. MYO cigarettes had carbonyl deliveries similar to that of 3R4F research cigarette, regardless of tobacco type. The greatest effect on carbonyl delivery was observed with 200 mg of charcoal, significantly reducing all carbonyls under both methods tested. However, "on-tow" design charcoal filters, available on many commercially available charcoal brands, appeared to have a minimal effect on carbonyl delivery under intense smoking methods. Overall, we found that charcoal, when added in sufficient quantity (200 mg) as a plug, can substantially reduce carbonyl delivery for both MYO and conventional cigarettes. As carbonyls are related to negative health outcomes, such reductions may be associated with reductions in carbonyl-related harm in smokers.
AB - Previous literature has shown that adding charcoal to cigarette filters can have varying effects on the delivery of toxic carbonyls depending on filter design, amount of charcoal, and puffing profiles. However, these studies have relied on either comparisons between commercially available charcoal and noncharcoal filtered cigarettes or experimental modification of filters to insert a charcoal plug into existing cellulose acetate filters. Make-your-own (MYO) cigarettes can help obviate many of the potential pitfalls of previous studies; thus, we conducted studies using commercial charcoal cigarettes and MYO cigarettes to determine the effects of charcoal on carbonyl delivery. To do this, we analyzed carbonyls in mainstream smoke by HPLC-UV after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). Charcoal was added in-line after the cigarettes or through the use of MYO charcoal cigarette tubes. MYO cigarettes had carbonyl deliveries similar to that of 3R4F research cigarette, regardless of tobacco type. The greatest effect on carbonyl delivery was observed with 200 mg of charcoal, significantly reducing all carbonyls under both methods tested. However, "on-tow" design charcoal filters, available on many commercially available charcoal brands, appeared to have a minimal effect on carbonyl delivery under intense smoking methods. Overall, we found that charcoal, when added in sufficient quantity (200 mg) as a plug, can substantially reduce carbonyl delivery for both MYO and conventional cigarettes. As carbonyls are related to negative health outcomes, such reductions may be associated with reductions in carbonyl-related harm in smokers.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85058110160&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85058110160&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00211
DO - 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00211
M3 - Article
C2 - 30426738
AN - SCOPUS:85058110160
VL - 31
SP - 1339
EP - 1347
JO - Chemical Research in Toxicology
JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology
SN - 0893-228X
IS - 12
ER -