TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Correlated and Uncorrelated Gamma Rays on Neutron Multiplicity Counting
AU - Cowles, Christian C.
AU - Behling, Richard S.
AU - Imel, George R.
AU - Kouzes, Richard T.
AU - Lintereur, Azaree T.
AU - Robinson, Sean M.
AU - Siciliano, Edward R.
AU - Stave, Sean C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received July 1, 2016; revised November 28, 2016; accepted February 6, 2017. Date of publication March 1, 2017; date of current version July 14, 2017. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Defense Nonproliferation Research and Development, in part by the Office of International Nuclear Safeguards within the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory report number is PNNL-24895. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract SE-AC05-76RLO 1830.
PY - 2017/7
Y1 - 2017/7
N2 - Neutron multiplicity counting relies on time correlation between neutron signals to assay the fissile mass, (α,n) to spontaneous fission neutron ratio, and neutron self-multiplication of samples. Gamma-ray sensitive neutron multiplicity counters may misidentify gamma rays as neutrons and therefore miscalculate sample characteristics. Time correlated and uncorrelated gamma-ray-like signals were added into gamma-ray free neutron multiplicity counter data to examine the effects of gamma-ray signals being misidentified as neutron signals on assays. Multiplicity counter measurements with and without gamma-ray-like signals were compared to determine the assay error associated with gamma-ray-like signals at various gamma-ray and neutron rates. Correlated and uncorrelated gamma-ray signals each produced consistent but different measurement errors. Correlated gamma-ray signals most strongly led to fissile mass overestimates, whereas uncorrelated gamma-ray signals most strongly lead to (α,n) neutron overestimates. Accounting for the effects of gamma rays on gamma-ray sensitive neutron multiplicity counters may allow these effects to be compensated for, thus mitigating the assay error associated with misidentified gamma rays.
AB - Neutron multiplicity counting relies on time correlation between neutron signals to assay the fissile mass, (α,n) to spontaneous fission neutron ratio, and neutron self-multiplication of samples. Gamma-ray sensitive neutron multiplicity counters may misidentify gamma rays as neutrons and therefore miscalculate sample characteristics. Time correlated and uncorrelated gamma-ray-like signals were added into gamma-ray free neutron multiplicity counter data to examine the effects of gamma-ray signals being misidentified as neutron signals on assays. Multiplicity counter measurements with and without gamma-ray-like signals were compared to determine the assay error associated with gamma-ray-like signals at various gamma-ray and neutron rates. Correlated and uncorrelated gamma-ray signals each produced consistent but different measurement errors. Correlated gamma-ray signals most strongly led to fissile mass overestimates, whereas uncorrelated gamma-ray signals most strongly lead to (α,n) neutron overestimates. Accounting for the effects of gamma rays on gamma-ray sensitive neutron multiplicity counters may allow these effects to be compensated for, thus mitigating the assay error associated with misidentified gamma rays.
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U2 - 10.1109/TNS.2017.2667407
DO - 10.1109/TNS.2017.2667407
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85029062850
VL - 64
SP - 1865
EP - 1870
JO - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
SN - 0018-9499
IS - 7
M1 - 7867089
ER -