TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Potassium Phosphates and Other Additives on Biocrude Production and Composition from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Pectin and Chitin
AU - Ding, Xin
AU - Subramanya, Seshasayee Mahadevan
AU - Wang, Yuqi
AU - Savage, Phillip E.
N1 - Funding Information:
X.D. acknowledges financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC) and the Department of Chemical Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University. The authors much appreciate Penn State staff scientist Zimudzi Tawanda for assistance with the FT-IR characterization, Prof. Muchada Govere for assistance with the elemental analysis, and Prof. Rob Rioux for access to the TGA. We also acknowledge experimental assistance and guidance from Dr. Yang Guo, Dr. Jimeng Jiang, Dr. James D. Sheehan, Dr. Akhila Gollakota, and Bita Motavaf.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Chemical Society
PY - 2021/6/23
Y1 - 2021/6/23
N2 - We determined the influence of added potassium phosphates, Na2CO3, and KOH on the product distribution and characteristics of the biocrude from the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of pectin and chitin. Added K3PO4and KOH provided a significant positive effect (30-70% increase) on the biocrude yields from HTL of both polysaccharides. These basic conditions resulted in a higher biocrude yield, whereas acidic conditions (added KH2PO4) reduced the yields of biocrude relative to the control experiment. HTL with basic additives increased both the H/C and O/C atomic ratios relative to the control experiments, and the higher O/C ratios for chitin HTL were sufficient to reduce the heating values of these biocrudes. Addition of K3PO4led to a larger fraction of low-boiling compounds being present in the biocrude from HTL of chitin, which is a desirable outcome. Taken collectively, the results show that additives can be used to increase biocrude yields and engineer HTL outcomes, to an extent, for valorization of these abundant polysaccharide renewable resources.
AB - We determined the influence of added potassium phosphates, Na2CO3, and KOH on the product distribution and characteristics of the biocrude from the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of pectin and chitin. Added K3PO4and KOH provided a significant positive effect (30-70% increase) on the biocrude yields from HTL of both polysaccharides. These basic conditions resulted in a higher biocrude yield, whereas acidic conditions (added KH2PO4) reduced the yields of biocrude relative to the control experiment. HTL with basic additives increased both the H/C and O/C atomic ratios relative to the control experiments, and the higher O/C ratios for chitin HTL were sufficient to reduce the heating values of these biocrudes. Addition of K3PO4led to a larger fraction of low-boiling compounds being present in the biocrude from HTL of chitin, which is a desirable outcome. Taken collectively, the results show that additives can be used to increase biocrude yields and engineer HTL outcomes, to an extent, for valorization of these abundant polysaccharide renewable resources.
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00913
DO - 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00913
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85108706773
SN - 0888-5885
VL - 60
SP - 8642
EP - 8648
JO - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
JF - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
IS - 24
ER -