TY - JOUR
T1 - Electromyographic assessment of the neuromuscular blockade produced in vivo by anatoxin-a in the rat
AU - Valentine, William M.
AU - Schaeffer, David J.
AU - Beasley, Val R.
PY - 1991
Y1 - 1991
N2 - The indirectly evoked compound action potentials (ECAP) of the plantar muscles of the rat were used to investigate the pharmacodynamics in vivo of the neuromuscular blockade produced by anatoxin-a. Onset time to maximum depression and the magnitude of maximum depression in amplitude of the ECAP were dose-dependent. The mean maximum percent depression (±S.D.) of the ECAP induced by single, supramaximal stimulations of the posterior tibial nerve after i.v. doses of (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride at 0, 50, 100, 200 and 800 μg/kg were 3 (4), 53 (15), 82 (7), 95 (2), and 100 (1), respectively. The ED50 (95% confidence limits) for depression of the ECAP was 47 mg/kg (39-57 μg/kg). Rats administered 200 μg/kg or less of (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride had 75% return of the pretoxin amplitude of the ECAP within 93 min. Animals dosed at 800 μg/kg did not have return of neuromuscular function and died despite mechanical ventilation, suggesting a lethal mechanism(s) of action in addition to respiratory paralysis. Percent decrements (±S.D.) in the amplitude of the fourth ECAP following repetitive stimulation at 10 Hz were 6 (5), 13 (22), 46 (18) and 59 (8) from (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride given i.v. at 0, 50, 100 and 200 μg/kg, respectively. The decrement observed following repetitive stimulation was attributed to a presynaptic site of action. No change in maximal motor nerve conduction velocity or latency of the ECAP was observed after i.v. administration of (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride at 100 μg/kg. LD50 values (95% confidence limits) for anatoxin-a administered i.v. to mice were 386 μg/kg (365-408 μg/kg, for (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride and 913 μg/kg (846-985 μg/kg) for racemic anatoxin-a hydrochloride. No deaths were observed in mice after i.p. administration of(-)anatoxin-a hydrochloride at doses up to 73 mg/kg.
AB - The indirectly evoked compound action potentials (ECAP) of the plantar muscles of the rat were used to investigate the pharmacodynamics in vivo of the neuromuscular blockade produced by anatoxin-a. Onset time to maximum depression and the magnitude of maximum depression in amplitude of the ECAP were dose-dependent. The mean maximum percent depression (±S.D.) of the ECAP induced by single, supramaximal stimulations of the posterior tibial nerve after i.v. doses of (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride at 0, 50, 100, 200 and 800 μg/kg were 3 (4), 53 (15), 82 (7), 95 (2), and 100 (1), respectively. The ED50 (95% confidence limits) for depression of the ECAP was 47 mg/kg (39-57 μg/kg). Rats administered 200 μg/kg or less of (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride had 75% return of the pretoxin amplitude of the ECAP within 93 min. Animals dosed at 800 μg/kg did not have return of neuromuscular function and died despite mechanical ventilation, suggesting a lethal mechanism(s) of action in addition to respiratory paralysis. Percent decrements (±S.D.) in the amplitude of the fourth ECAP following repetitive stimulation at 10 Hz were 6 (5), 13 (22), 46 (18) and 59 (8) from (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride given i.v. at 0, 50, 100 and 200 μg/kg, respectively. The decrement observed following repetitive stimulation was attributed to a presynaptic site of action. No change in maximal motor nerve conduction velocity or latency of the ECAP was observed after i.v. administration of (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride at 100 μg/kg. LD50 values (95% confidence limits) for anatoxin-a administered i.v. to mice were 386 μg/kg (365-408 μg/kg, for (+)anatoxin-a hydrochloride and 913 μg/kg (846-985 μg/kg) for racemic anatoxin-a hydrochloride. No deaths were observed in mice after i.p. administration of(-)anatoxin-a hydrochloride at doses up to 73 mg/kg.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025978553&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0025978553&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0041-0101(91)90288-3
DO - 10.1016/0041-0101(91)90288-3
M3 - Article
C2 - 1904660
AN - SCOPUS:0025978553
VL - 29
SP - 347
EP - 357
JO - Toxicon
JF - Toxicon
SN - 0041-0101
IS - 3
ER -