TY - JOUR
T1 - Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets
AU - Glunt, Katey D.
AU - Coetzee, Maureen
AU - Huijben, Silvie
AU - Koffi, A. Alphonsine
AU - Lynch, Penelope A.
AU - N'Guessan, Raphael
AU - Oumbouke, Welbeck A.
AU - Sternberg, Eleanore D.
AU - Thomas, Matthew B.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant R21 AI113609-01A1. The content of this manuscript is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. MC is supported by a DST/NRF Research Chairs Initiative grant
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2018/4
Y1 - 2018/4
N2 - In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host-seeking resulted in higher mortality of resistant Anopheles spp. mosquitoes than predicted from standard laboratory exposures with the same net. We also found that sublethal contact with an LLIN caused a reduction in blood feeding and subsequent host-seeking success in multiple lines of resistant mosquitoes from the laboratory and the field. Using a transmission model, we showed that when these LLIN-related lethal and sublethal effects were accrued over mosquito lifetimes, they greatly reduced the impact of resistance on malaria transmission potential under conditions of high net coverage. If coverage falls, the epidemiological impact is far more pronounced. Similarly, if the intensity of resistance intensifies, the loss of malaria control increases nonlinearly. Our findings help explain why insecticide resistance has not yet led to wide-scale failure of LLINs, but reinforce the call for alternative control tools and informed resistance management strategies.
AB - In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host-seeking resulted in higher mortality of resistant Anopheles spp. mosquitoes than predicted from standard laboratory exposures with the same net. We also found that sublethal contact with an LLIN caused a reduction in blood feeding and subsequent host-seeking success in multiple lines of resistant mosquitoes from the laboratory and the field. Using a transmission model, we showed that when these LLIN-related lethal and sublethal effects were accrued over mosquito lifetimes, they greatly reduced the impact of resistance on malaria transmission potential under conditions of high net coverage. If coverage falls, the epidemiological impact is far more pronounced. Similarly, if the intensity of resistance intensifies, the loss of malaria control increases nonlinearly. Our findings help explain why insecticide resistance has not yet led to wide-scale failure of LLINs, but reinforce the call for alternative control tools and informed resistance management strategies.
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U2 - 10.1111/eva.12574
DO - 10.1111/eva.12574
M3 - Article
C2 - 29636797
AN - SCOPUS:85037349950
VL - 11
SP - 431
EP - 441
JO - Evolutionary Applications
JF - Evolutionary Applications
SN - 1752-4571
IS - 4
ER -