TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring backbone-cation alkyl spacers for multi-cation side chain anion exchange membranes
AU - Zhu, Liang
AU - Yu, Xuedi
AU - Hickner, Michael A.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge our industrial sponsors. This work was funded in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, EERE Fuel Cell Technologies Office under award number: DE-EE0006958 and the U.S. National Science Foundation DMREF program via Grant CHE-1534326 . Infrastructure support was also provided by The Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Institute and the Penn State Institutes of Energy & the Environment. M. A. H. acknowledges the Corning Foundation and the Corning Faculty Fellowship in Materials Science and Engineering for support. Appendix A
PY - 2018/1/31
Y1 - 2018/1/31
N2 - In order to systematically study how the arrangement of cations on the side chain and length of alkyl spacers between cations impact the performance of multi-cation AEMs for alkaline fuel cells, a series of polyphenylene oxide (PPO)-based AEMs with different cationic side chains were synthesized. This work resulted in samples with two or three cations in a side chain pendant to the PPO backbone. More importantly, the length of the spacer between cations varied from 3 methylene (-CH2-) (C3) groups to 8 methylene (C8) groups. The highest conductivity, up to 99 mS/cm in liquid water at room temperature, was observed for the triple-cation side chain AEM with pentyl (C5) or hexyl (C6) spacers. The multi-cation AEMs were found to have decreased water uptake and ionic conductivity when the spacer chains between cations were lengthened from pentyl (C5) or hexyl (C6) to octyl (C8) linking groups. The triple-cation membranes with pentyl (C5) or hexyl (C6) groups between cations showed greatest stability after immersion in 1 M NaOH at 80 °C for 500 h.
AB - In order to systematically study how the arrangement of cations on the side chain and length of alkyl spacers between cations impact the performance of multi-cation AEMs for alkaline fuel cells, a series of polyphenylene oxide (PPO)-based AEMs with different cationic side chains were synthesized. This work resulted in samples with two or three cations in a side chain pendant to the PPO backbone. More importantly, the length of the spacer between cations varied from 3 methylene (-CH2-) (C3) groups to 8 methylene (C8) groups. The highest conductivity, up to 99 mS/cm in liquid water at room temperature, was observed for the triple-cation side chain AEM with pentyl (C5) or hexyl (C6) spacers. The multi-cation AEMs were found to have decreased water uptake and ionic conductivity when the spacer chains between cations were lengthened from pentyl (C5) or hexyl (C6) to octyl (C8) linking groups. The triple-cation membranes with pentyl (C5) or hexyl (C6) groups between cations showed greatest stability after immersion in 1 M NaOH at 80 °C for 500 h.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.020
DO - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.020
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85020799883
VL - 375
SP - 433
EP - 441
JO - Journal of Power Sources
JF - Journal of Power Sources
SN - 0378-7753
ER -