TY - JOUR
T1 - Gender disparities among United States academic pediatric ophthalmologists
T2 - an analysis of publication productivity, academic rank, and NIH funding
AU - Camacci, Mona L.
AU - Ikpoh, Belinda
AU - Lehman, Erik B.
AU - Bowie, Esther
AU - Scott, Ingrid U.
AU - Pantanelli, Seth M.
AU - Ely, Amanda
N1 - Funding Information:
A total of 47 principal investigators receiving NIH grant funding were identified from the 389 pediatric ophthalmology faculty. Of these, 20 women and 27 men received NIH grant funding between 1985 and 2019 (P = 0.826). The overall median grant funding total for women was $804K (interquartile range [IQR], 5.0M; mean, $3.8M) compared with $2.2M for men (IQR, 4.0M; mean, $3.7M; P = 0.328). Women had a similar median number of NIH projects compared to men (1.5 vs 2.0 [P = 0.459]). During their early career (0-15 years), women had lower median NIH grant values compared with their male colleagues ($430k [n = 9] vs $2.2M [n = 2]), although findings were not statistically significant (P = 0.724). In the middle of their careers (16-28 years), women continued to have lower median NIH grant values ($540k [n = 5] vs $2.8M [n = 6]) compared with men (P = 0.036]). This trend changed by late career (>29 years), at which time women had significantly larger median NIH grants ($11.7M [n = 6] vs $1.4M [n = 19]) compared with men (P = 0.017).
Funding Information:
The project described was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), through Grant UL1 TR002014 and Grant UL1 TR00045. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - Purpose: To investigate gender disparitie among pediatric ophthalmologists in academic rank, publication productivity, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of pediatric ophthalmologists at 113 US academic programs, data on gender, residency graduation year, and academic rank were obtained from institutional websites between January 2019 and March 2019. The Scopus database was used to calculate h-indices and m-quotients. The NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool was used to determine NIH funding. Results: We identified 389 pediatric ophthalmologists: 194 women (49.9%) and 195 men (50.1%). A binomial logistic regression model, which included career length as an independent variable, showed proportions of women to men were similar across all academic ranks (assistant professor, 64.4% vs 46.2% [P = 0.738]; associate professor, 21.7% vs 19.0% [P = 0.357]; full professor, 13.9 vs 34.9% [P = 0.119]). Women had a lower median h-index (5.0 vs 8.0 [P = 0.008]) and a shorter median career duration (12.5 vs 25.0 years [P < 0.001]), but a similar median m-quotient (0.5 vs. 0.5; P = 0.525). Among pediatric ophthalmologists who received NIH funding (20 women vs. 27 men; P = 0.826), the overall median grant-funding total for women was $804K (interquartile range (IQR) 5.0M, mean $3.8M) compared to men, $2.2M (IQR, 4.0M; mean, $3.7M; P = 0.328). Conclusions: The shorter career duration for women likely contributes to the difference in overall h-indices between genders, as m-quotients were similar. The m-quotient should be used over the h-index when comparing academic productivity across genders when disparities in career length exist.
AB - Purpose: To investigate gender disparitie among pediatric ophthalmologists in academic rank, publication productivity, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of pediatric ophthalmologists at 113 US academic programs, data on gender, residency graduation year, and academic rank were obtained from institutional websites between January 2019 and March 2019. The Scopus database was used to calculate h-indices and m-quotients. The NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool was used to determine NIH funding. Results: We identified 389 pediatric ophthalmologists: 194 women (49.9%) and 195 men (50.1%). A binomial logistic regression model, which included career length as an independent variable, showed proportions of women to men were similar across all academic ranks (assistant professor, 64.4% vs 46.2% [P = 0.738]; associate professor, 21.7% vs 19.0% [P = 0.357]; full professor, 13.9 vs 34.9% [P = 0.119]). Women had a lower median h-index (5.0 vs 8.0 [P = 0.008]) and a shorter median career duration (12.5 vs 25.0 years [P < 0.001]), but a similar median m-quotient (0.5 vs. 0.5; P = 0.525). Among pediatric ophthalmologists who received NIH funding (20 women vs. 27 men; P = 0.826), the overall median grant-funding total for women was $804K (interquartile range (IQR) 5.0M, mean $3.8M) compared to men, $2.2M (IQR, 4.0M; mean, $3.7M; P = 0.328). Conclusions: The shorter career duration for women likely contributes to the difference in overall h-indices between genders, as m-quotients were similar. The m-quotient should be used over the h-index when comparing academic productivity across genders when disparities in career length exist.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.06.013
DO - 10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.06.013
M3 - Article
C2 - 33049372
AN - SCOPUS:85096400199
SN - 1091-8531
VL - 24
SP - 337.e1-337.e6
JO - Journal of AAPOS
JF - Journal of AAPOS
IS - 6
ER -
