TY - JOUR
T1 - Identifying, Defining, and Measuring Justification Mechanisms
T2 - The Implicit Biases Underlying Individual Differences
AU - Schoen, Jeremy L.
AU - DeSimone, Justin A.
AU - Meyer, Rustin D.
AU - Schnure, Katherine A.
AU - LeBreton, James M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Portions of this work were presented at the 2016 Annual Meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Anaheim, California. The authors thank associate editor Ernest O?Boyle and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. We also thank Lawrence R. James for his mentorship. This manuscript builds on decades of his work, and we believe that this paper honors his memory by continuing to better illustrate conditional reasoning.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2019.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Twenty years ago, conditional reasoning (CR) was presented as a technology for assessing the implicit aspects of personality. Although this assessment method has been lauded as an advance for organizational scholarship, relatively few CR tests have been developed and validated. We argue that a major impediment to the broader implementation of this technique has been the disproportional emphasis by researchers on measurement-related issues at the expense of better describing the core theoretical processes that underlie CR—namely, justification mechanisms (JMs). In an effort to rectify this problem we (a) explain the differences between implicit and explicit individual differences, (b) introduce the key psychological mechanism associated with these implicit individual differences as conceptualized through CR (JMs), (c) describe how researchers can identify JMs, and (d) discuss how JMs may be measured with CR items. Our work is intended to serve as a catalyst for future CR initiatives by refocusing the attention of researchers on the theoretical underpinnings of CR, thus enabling researchers to build more theoretically sound tests.
AB - Twenty years ago, conditional reasoning (CR) was presented as a technology for assessing the implicit aspects of personality. Although this assessment method has been lauded as an advance for organizational scholarship, relatively few CR tests have been developed and validated. We argue that a major impediment to the broader implementation of this technique has been the disproportional emphasis by researchers on measurement-related issues at the expense of better describing the core theoretical processes that underlie CR—namely, justification mechanisms (JMs). In an effort to rectify this problem we (a) explain the differences between implicit and explicit individual differences, (b) introduce the key psychological mechanism associated with these implicit individual differences as conceptualized through CR (JMs), (c) describe how researchers can identify JMs, and (d) discuss how JMs may be measured with CR items. Our work is intended to serve as a catalyst for future CR initiatives by refocusing the attention of researchers on the theoretical underpinnings of CR, thus enabling researchers to build more theoretically sound tests.
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U2 - 10.1177/0149206319889137
DO - 10.1177/0149206319889137
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85077143068
VL - 47
SP - 716
EP - 744
JO - Journal of Management
JF - Journal of Management
SN - 0149-2063
IS - 3
ER -