TY - GEN
T1 - Impact of freeze horizon on the variation of delay distribution and workload for en route metering
AU - Lent, Steven
AU - Lock, Jennifer
AU - Kopardekar, Parimal
AU - Landry, Steven
AU - Green, Steven
AU - Jastrzebski, Michael
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - In time-based metering operations the freeze horizon is a key parameter with respect to operational efficiency and feasibility. Freeze horizon is the upstream distance/time from the metering fix at which the sequence and scheduled times of arrival for the metered flights are frozen and conformance operations can begin. When delay absorption begins too soon, systemic uncertainties such as internal departure times can result in unnecessary delay. When delay absorption begins too late, controller workload increases, and conformance to the schedule may require excessively large speed and/or turning maneuvers. This paper examines the variation in the distribution of delay and workload as a function of freeze horizon in order to better select efficient and feasible freeze horizons for time-based metering operations. The results indicate that the freeze horizon duration significantly affects the distribution of delay among the sectors. Additionally, the number of delay absorption control actions (e.g., speed and heading changes), which contribute to controller workload, varies with the freeze horizon.
AB - In time-based metering operations the freeze horizon is a key parameter with respect to operational efficiency and feasibility. Freeze horizon is the upstream distance/time from the metering fix at which the sequence and scheduled times of arrival for the metered flights are frozen and conformance operations can begin. When delay absorption begins too soon, systemic uncertainties such as internal departure times can result in unnecessary delay. When delay absorption begins too late, controller workload increases, and conformance to the schedule may require excessively large speed and/or turning maneuvers. This paper examines the variation in the distribution of delay and workload as a function of freeze horizon in order to better select efficient and feasible freeze horizons for time-based metering operations. The results indicate that the freeze horizon duration significantly affects the distribution of delay among the sectors. Additionally, the number of delay absorption control actions (e.g., speed and heading changes), which contribute to controller workload, varies with the freeze horizon.
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U2 - 10.2514/6.2004-6294
DO - 10.2514/6.2004-6294
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:19644388711
SN - 1563477181
SN - 9781563477188
T3 - Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA 4th Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Forum, ATIO
SP - 358
EP - 374
BT - Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA 4th Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Forum, ATIO
PB - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc.
T2 - Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA 4th Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Forum, ATIO
Y2 - 20 September 2004 through 23 September 2004
ER -