TY - JOUR
T1 - Isorenieratene derivatives in sediments
T2 - Possible controls on their distribution
AU - Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S.
AU - Schouten, Stefan
AU - Van Duin, Adri C.T.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research for the PIONIER grant (J. S. Sinninghe Damsté). We thank Shell International Petroleum Maatschappij BV for financial support for the GC-IRMS facility. Helpful comments on an earlier version were provided by Drs. J. R. Maxwell, L. Schwark, R. Jaffé, and an anonymous referee. The Lower Kimmeridge Clay samples were kindly provided by Dr. M. E. L. Kohnen (Koninklijke/Shell Exploratie en Produktie Laboratorium). We thank Dr. H. M. E. van Kaam-Peters, Dr. W. Pool, M. Dekker, M. Baas, and H. van Vliet for analytical assistance and J. A. J. Geenevasen (University of Amsterdam) for NMR measurements. This is Netherlands Institute for Sea Research contribution 3538.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Diagenetic products of the green sulfur bacterial pigment isorenicratene have been studied in sediments from the Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation and in a Pliocene Mediterranean sapropel to better understand their formation. A large number of previously unknown derivatives have been identified. Including one possessing a naphthyl moiety, whose structure was determined by isolation and nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Fully cyclized isorenieratene derivatives are abundant in sediments from both environments. They are formed by four-ring closure reactions of the polyene system of double bonds in isorenieratene. Molecular mechanics calculations indicate that these reactions are thermodynamically favorable. Fully cyclized isorenieratene derivatives are subsequently transformed by double-bond isomerization, reduction and dehydrogenation reactions into species that are thermodynamically more stable. These reactions can take place during the first 50 m of sediment burial. Our findings indicate that a complex pathway of diagenetic reactions determines the fate of isorenieratene, leading to a complex distribution of derivatives controlled by numerous factors, which are presently only partly understood. Isorenieratane, the most widely used isorenieratene derivative in paleoenvironmental studies, typically only represents 25% of the major derivatives. Aryl isoprenoids are only trace components in sediments with thermal maturities below the oil window, limiting their use as markers for photic zone euxinia in the immature zone.
AB - Diagenetic products of the green sulfur bacterial pigment isorenicratene have been studied in sediments from the Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation and in a Pliocene Mediterranean sapropel to better understand their formation. A large number of previously unknown derivatives have been identified. Including one possessing a naphthyl moiety, whose structure was determined by isolation and nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Fully cyclized isorenieratene derivatives are abundant in sediments from both environments. They are formed by four-ring closure reactions of the polyene system of double bonds in isorenieratene. Molecular mechanics calculations indicate that these reactions are thermodynamically favorable. Fully cyclized isorenieratene derivatives are subsequently transformed by double-bond isomerization, reduction and dehydrogenation reactions into species that are thermodynamically more stable. These reactions can take place during the first 50 m of sediment burial. Our findings indicate that a complex pathway of diagenetic reactions determines the fate of isorenieratene, leading to a complex distribution of derivatives controlled by numerous factors, which are presently only partly understood. Isorenieratane, the most widely used isorenieratene derivative in paleoenvironmental studies, typically only represents 25% of the major derivatives. Aryl isoprenoids are only trace components in sediments with thermal maturities below the oil window, limiting their use as markers for photic zone euxinia in the immature zone.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00549-X
DO - 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00549-X
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0035007432
VL - 65
SP - 1557
EP - 1571
JO - Geochmica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF - Geochmica et Cosmochimica Acta
SN - 0016-7037
IS - 10
ER -