TY - JOUR
T1 - Measurement of Setschenow constants for six hydrophobic compounds in simulated brines and use in predictive modeling for oil and gas systems
AU - Burant, Aniela
AU - Lowry, Gregory V.
AU - Karamalidis, Athanasios K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This technical effort was performed under the auspice of the US DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory , under the RES contract DE-FE0004000 . We thank the Jared and Maureen Cohon Graduate Fellowship in Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Bradford and Diane Smith Fellowship in Engineering for support. Many thanks to Unnati Rao for help with the experiments and Clinton Noack for Matlab help and thorough reviews.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2016/2/1
Y1 - 2016/2/1
N2 - Treatment and reuse of brines, produced from energy extraction activities, requires aqueous solubility data for organic compounds in saline solutions. The presence of salts decreases the aqueous solubility of organic compounds (i.e. salting-out effect) and can be modeled using the Setschenow Equation, the validity of which has not been assessed in high salt concentrations. In this study, we used solid-phase microextraction to determine Setschenow constants for selected organic compounds in aqueous solutions up to 2-5 M NaCl, 1.5-2 M CaCl2, and in Na-Ca binary electrolyte solutions to assess additivity of the constants. These compounds exhibited log-linear behavior up to these high NaCl concentrations. Log-linear decreases in solubility with increasing salt concentration were observed up to 1.5-2 M CaCl2 for all compounds, and added to a sparse database of CaCl2 Setschenow constants. Setschenow constants were additive in binary electrolyte mixtures. New models to predict CaCl2 and KCl Setschenow constants from NaCl Setschenow constants were developed, which successfully predicted the solubility of the compounds measured in this study. Overall, data show that the Setschenow Equation is valid for a wide range of salinity conditions typically found in energy-related technologies.
AB - Treatment and reuse of brines, produced from energy extraction activities, requires aqueous solubility data for organic compounds in saline solutions. The presence of salts decreases the aqueous solubility of organic compounds (i.e. salting-out effect) and can be modeled using the Setschenow Equation, the validity of which has not been assessed in high salt concentrations. In this study, we used solid-phase microextraction to determine Setschenow constants for selected organic compounds in aqueous solutions up to 2-5 M NaCl, 1.5-2 M CaCl2, and in Na-Ca binary electrolyte solutions to assess additivity of the constants. These compounds exhibited log-linear behavior up to these high NaCl concentrations. Log-linear decreases in solubility with increasing salt concentration were observed up to 1.5-2 M CaCl2 for all compounds, and added to a sparse database of CaCl2 Setschenow constants. Setschenow constants were additive in binary electrolyte mixtures. New models to predict CaCl2 and KCl Setschenow constants from NaCl Setschenow constants were developed, which successfully predicted the solubility of the compounds measured in this study. Overall, data show that the Setschenow Equation is valid for a wide range of salinity conditions typically found in energy-related technologies.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.115
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.115
M3 - Article
C2 - 26598993
AN - SCOPUS:84953774956
VL - 144
SP - 2247
EP - 2256
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
ER -