TY - JOUR
T1 - Microgeographic heterogeneity of border malaria during elimination phase, Yunnan Province, China, 2011-2013
AU - Xu, Xin
AU - Zhou, Guofa
AU - Wang, Ying
AU - Hu, Yue
AU - Ruan, Yonghua
AU - Fan, Qi
AU - Yang, Zhaoqing
AU - Yan, Guiyun
AU - Cui, Liwang
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the field team members for their technical assistance. We are grateful to the communities and hospitals for their willingness to participate in this research. This project was funded by the National Institutes of Health NIH(U19 AI089672 to L.C., G.Z., and G.Y.); the National Science Foundation of China NSFC(nos. U1202226 and 31260508 to Z.Y.); and the Ministry of Education of China MOE(no. 20125317110001 to Z.Y.). Ms. Xu is a graduate student in Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. Her research interests are drug resistance and epidemiology of malaria.
PY - 2016/8
Y1 - 2016/8
N2 - To identify township-level high-risk foci of malaria transmission in Yunnan Province, China, along the international border, we retrospectively reviewed data collected in hospitals and clinics of 58 townships in 4 counties during 2011-2013. We analyzed spatiotemporal distribution, especially hot spots of confirmed malaria, using geographic information systems and Getis-Ord Gi*(d) cluster analysis. Malaria incidence, transmission seasonality, and Plasmodium vivax:P. falciparum ratio remained almost unchanged from 2011 to 2013, but heterogeneity in distribution increased. The number of townships with confirmed malaria decreased significantly during the 3 years; incidence became increasingly concentrated within a few townships. High-/low-incidence clusters of P. falciparum shifted in location and size every year, whereas the locations of high-incidence P. vivax townships remained unchanged. All high-incidence clusters were located along the China-Myanmar border. Because of increasing heterogeneity in malaria distribution, microgeographic analysis of malaria transmission hot spots provided useful information for designing targeted malaria intervention during the elimination phase.
AB - To identify township-level high-risk foci of malaria transmission in Yunnan Province, China, along the international border, we retrospectively reviewed data collected in hospitals and clinics of 58 townships in 4 counties during 2011-2013. We analyzed spatiotemporal distribution, especially hot spots of confirmed malaria, using geographic information systems and Getis-Ord Gi*(d) cluster analysis. Malaria incidence, transmission seasonality, and Plasmodium vivax:P. falciparum ratio remained almost unchanged from 2011 to 2013, but heterogeneity in distribution increased. The number of townships with confirmed malaria decreased significantly during the 3 years; incidence became increasingly concentrated within a few townships. High-/low-incidence clusters of P. falciparum shifted in location and size every year, whereas the locations of high-incidence P. vivax townships remained unchanged. All high-incidence clusters were located along the China-Myanmar border. Because of increasing heterogeneity in malaria distribution, microgeographic analysis of malaria transmission hot spots provided useful information for designing targeted malaria intervention during the elimination phase.
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U2 - 10.3201/eid2208.150390
DO - 10.3201/eid2208.150390
M3 - Article
C2 - 27433877
AN - SCOPUS:84978630457
VL - 22
SP - 1363
EP - 1370
JO - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF - Emerging Infectious Diseases
SN - 1080-6040
IS - 8
ER -