TY - JOUR
T1 - Narrowing fossil fuel consumption in the Indian road transport sector towards reaching carbon neutrality
AU - Hossain, M. S.
AU - Fang, Yan Ru
AU - Ma, Teng
AU - Huang, Chen
AU - Peng, Wei
AU - Urpelainen, Johannes
AU - Hebbale, Chetan
AU - Dai, Hancheng
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [grant number 71810107001 , 72073003 ], the National Social Science Foundation of China ( 21AZD060 ), and the 111 Project Urban Air Pollution and Health Effects ( B20009 ). The financial contribution from the WELLCOME TRUST Foundation ( 216027/Z/19/Z ) to this research is gratefully acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Road transportation accounts for 56% of India's transportation sector's CO2 emissions. Reaching carbon neutrality before 2070 requires the deep decarbonization of this sector. This study assesses the potential of battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel-cell vehicles (FCV) as the least-cost pathway toward carbon neutrality. We estimate the future demand for passenger and freight services and evaluate the impact of EV policies using the Integrated Model of Energy, Environment, and Economy for Sustainable Development/Technology (IMED/TEC). The study covers road transport emissions, energy, and air pollution transitions under four scenarios, including reference, low, medium, and high penetration of BEV and FCV, which align with the decarbonization target agreed upon under India's national policy. Results show that the carbon neutrality target would be challenging with BEV alone in road passenger and freight transportation because it is less efficient. Combined penetration of BEV and FCV can reduce air pollutant emissions significantly. Operative implementation of FCV could diminish more than 96% of the total road transport CO2 emissions. The analytical framework also proposes local climate change policies towards a carbon neutrality strategy to escalate the share of BEV and FCV in the Indian road transport sector.
AB - Road transportation accounts for 56% of India's transportation sector's CO2 emissions. Reaching carbon neutrality before 2070 requires the deep decarbonization of this sector. This study assesses the potential of battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel-cell vehicles (FCV) as the least-cost pathway toward carbon neutrality. We estimate the future demand for passenger and freight services and evaluate the impact of EV policies using the Integrated Model of Energy, Environment, and Economy for Sustainable Development/Technology (IMED/TEC). The study covers road transport emissions, energy, and air pollution transitions under four scenarios, including reference, low, medium, and high penetration of BEV and FCV, which align with the decarbonization target agreed upon under India's national policy. Results show that the carbon neutrality target would be challenging with BEV alone in road passenger and freight transportation because it is less efficient. Combined penetration of BEV and FCV can reduce air pollutant emissions significantly. Operative implementation of FCV could diminish more than 96% of the total road transport CO2 emissions. The analytical framework also proposes local climate change policies towards a carbon neutrality strategy to escalate the share of BEV and FCV in the Indian road transport sector.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113330
DO - 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113330
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85144603891
SN - 0301-4215
VL - 172
JO - Energy Policy
JF - Energy Policy
M1 - 113330
ER -