@article{1156bc90bd154117aabdbefc7ce3568f,
title = "Noggin regulates foregut progenitor cell programming, and misexpression leads to esophageal atresia",
abstract = "Esophageal atresia (EA/TEF) is a common congenital abnormality present in 1 of 4000 births. Here we show that atretic esophagi lack Noggin (NOG) expression, resulting in immature esophagus that contains respiratory glands. Moreover, when using mouse esophageal organoid units (EOUs) or tracheal organoid units (TOUs) as a model of foregut development and differentiation in vitro, NOG determines whether foregut progenitors differentiate toward esophageal or tracheal epithelium. These results indicate that NOG is a critical regulator of cell fate decisions between esophageal and pulmonary morphogenesis, and its lack of expression results in EA/TEF.",
author = "Carolina Pinzon-Guzman and Sreedhara Sangadala and Riera, {Katherine M.} and Popova, {Evgenya Y.} and Elizabeth Manning and Huh, {Won Jae} and Alexander, {Matthew S.} and Shelton, {Julia S.} and Boden, {Scott D.} and Goldenring, {James R.}",
note = "Funding Information: These studies were supported by a Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Review Award (I01 BX000930), DOD grant CA160479, and NIH grant R01 DK071590 (to JRG). CPG was supported by The Helen and Nicholas Abumrad Research Fund, NIH grant T32 CA106183, and a grant from the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VR15139.1). This work was supported by core resources of the Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Center (P30 DK058404) and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (P30 CA68485), and imaging in the Vanderbilt Digital Histology Shared Resource was supported by a VA Shared Instrumentation grant (1IS1 BX003097). The design and optimization of NOG inhibitor compounds were performed at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and partly supported by NIH grant R21TR001751 and an Emory Orthopaedics Seed Grant (to SS). We thank Emily Hodges for guidance in performing studies on DNA methylation. We also thank Scott D. Boden for his valuable suggestions in bio-optimization of NOG inhibitors. Publisher Copyright: Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, American Society for Clinical Investigation.",
year = "2020",
month = aug,
day = "3",
doi = "10.1172/JCI123597",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "140",
pages = "4396--4410",
journal = "Journal of Clinical Investigation",
issn = "0021-9738",
publisher = "The American Society for Clinical Investigation",
number = "8",
}