Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer

Herman L. Marshall; Mason Ng; Daniele Rogantini; Jeremy Heyl; Sergey S. Tsygankov; Juri Poutanen; Enrico Costa; Silvia Zane; Christian Malacaria; Iván Agudo; Lucio A. Antonelli; Matteo Bachetti; Luca Baldini; Wayne H. Baumgartner; Ronaldo Bellazzini; Stefano Bianchi; Stephen D. Bongiorno; Raffaella Bonino; Alessandro Brez; Niccolò Bucciantini; Fiamma Capitanio; Simone Castellano; Elisabetta Cavazzuti; Stefano Ciprini; Alessandra De Rosa; Ettore Del Monte; Laura Di Gesu; Niccolò Di Lalla; Alessandro Di Marco; Immacolata Donnarumma; Victor Doroshenko; Michal Dovčiak; Steven R. Ehlert; Teruaki Enoto; Yuri Evangelista; Sergio Fabiani; Riccardo Ferrazzoli; Javier A. Garcia; Shuichi Gunji; Kiyoshi Hayashida; Wataru Iwakiri; Svetlana G. Jorstad; Vladimir Karas; Takao Kitaguchi; Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak; Henric Krawczynski; Fabio La Monaca; Luca Latronico; Ioannis Liodakis; Simone Maldera; Alberto Manfreda; Frédéric Marin; Andrea Marinucci; Alan P. Marscher; Giorgio Matt; Ikuyuki Mitsuishi; Tsunefumi Mizuno; Fabio Muleri; C. Y. Ng; Stephen L. O’Dell; Nicola Omodei; Chiara Oppedisano; Alessandro Papitto; George G. Pavlov; Abel L. Peirson; Matteo Perri; Melissa Pesce-Rollins; Pierre Olivier Petrucci; Maura Pilia; Andrea Possenti; Simonetta Puccetti; Brian D. Ramsey; John Rankin; Ajay Ratheesh; Roger W. Romani; Carmelo Sgrò; Patrick Slane; Paolo Soffitta; Gloria Spandre; Toru Tamagawa; Fabrizio Tavecchio; Roberto Taverna; Yuzuru Tawara; Allyn F. Tennant; Nicholas E. Thomas; Francesco Tombesi; Alessio Trois; Roberto Turolla; Jacco Vink; Martin C. Weisskopf; Kinwah Wu; Fei Xie; Deepto Chakrabarty; Norbert S. Schulz

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer

Herman L. Marshall, Mason Ng, Daniele Rogantini, Jeremy Heyl, Sergey S. Tsygankov, Juri Poutanen, Enrico Costa, Silvia Zane, Christian Malacaria, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Niccolò BucciantiniFiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Stefano Ciprini, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu, Niccolò Di Lalla, Alessandro Di Marco, Immacolata Donnarumma, Victor Doroshenko, Michal Dovčiak, Steven R. Ehlert, Teruaki Enoto, Yuri Evangelista, Sergio Fabiani, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Javier A. Garcia, Shuichi Gunji, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Wataru Iwakiri, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Vladimir Karas, Takao Kitaguchi, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Henric Krawczynski, Fabio La Monaca, Luca Latronico, Ioannis Liodakis, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Frédéric Marin, Andrea Marinucci, Alan P. Marscher, Giorgio Matt, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Fabio Muleri, C. Y. Ng, Stephen L. O’Dell, Nicola Omodei, Chiara Oppedisano, Alessandro Papitto, George G. Pavlov, Abel L. Peirson, Matteo Perri, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Pierre Olivier Petrucci, Maura Pilia, Andrea Possenti, Simonetta Puccetti, Brian D. Ramsey, John Rankin, Ajay Ratheesh, Roger W. Romani, Carmelo Sgrò, Patrick Slane, Paolo Soffitta, Gloria Spandre, Toru Tamagawa, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Roberto Taverna, Yuzuru Tawara, Allyn F. Tennant, Nicholas E. Thomas, Francesco Tombesi, Alessio Trois, Roberto Turolla, Jacco Vink, Martin C. Weisskopf, Kinwah Wu, Fei Xie, Deepto Chakrabarty, Norbert S. Schulz

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Abstract

We present measurements of the polarization of X-rays in the 2-8 keV band from the pulsar in the ultracompact low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1626-67 using data from the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The 7.66 s pulsations were clearly detected throughout the IXPE observations as well as in the NICER soft X-ray observations, which we used as the basis for our timing analysis and to constrain the spectral shape over the 0.4-10 keV energy band. Chandra HETGS high-resolution X-ray spectra were also obtained near the times of the IXPE observations for firm spectral modeling. We found an upper limit on the pulse-averaged linear polarization of <4% (at 95% confidence). Similarly, there was no significant detection of polarized flux in pulse phase intervals when subdividing the bandpass by energy. However, spectropolarimetric modeling over the full bandpass in pulse phase intervals provided a marginal detection of polarization of the power-law spectral component at the 4.8% ± 2.3% level (90% confidence). We discuss the implications concerning the accretion geometry onto the pulsar, favoring two-component models of the pulsed emission.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	70
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	940
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2
State	Published - Nov 1 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

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Marshall, H. L., Ng, M., Rogantini, D., Heyl, J., Tsygankov, S. S., Poutanen, J., Costa, E., Zane, S., Malacaria, C., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baldini, L., Baumgartner, W. H., Bellazzini, R., Bianchi, S., Bongiorno, S. D., Bonino, R., Brez, A., ... Schulz, N. S. (2022). Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer. Astrophysical Journal, 940(1), [70]. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

@article{c1469942f9ad44cfb555dc5acd2d0ce5,

title = "Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer",

abstract = "We present measurements of the polarization of X-rays in the 2-8 keV band from the pulsar in the ultracompact low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1626-67 using data from the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The 7.66 s pulsations were clearly detected throughout the IXPE observations as well as in the NICER soft X-ray observations, which we used as the basis for our timing analysis and to constrain the spectral shape over the 0.4-10 keV energy band. Chandra HETGS high-resolution X-ray spectra were also obtained near the times of the IXPE observations for firm spectral modeling. We found an upper limit on the pulse-averaged linear polarization of <4% (at 95% confidence). Similarly, there was no significant detection of polarized flux in pulse phase intervals when subdividing the bandpass by energy. However, spectropolarimetric modeling over the full bandpass in pulse phase intervals provided a marginal detection of polarization of the power-law spectral component at the 4.8% ± 2.3% level (90% confidence). We discuss the implications concerning the accretion geometry onto the pulsar, favoring two-component models of the pulsed emission.",

author = "Marshall, {Herman L.} and Mason Ng and Daniele Rogantini and Jeremy Heyl and Tsygankov, {Sergey S.} and Juri Poutanen and Enrico Costa and Silvia Zane and Christian Malacaria and Iv{\'a}n Agudo and Antonelli, {Lucio A.} and Matteo Bachetti and Luca Baldini and Baumgartner, {Wayne H.} and Ronaldo Bellazzini and Stefano Bianchi and Bongiorno, {Stephen D.} and Raffaella Bonino and Alessandro Brez and Niccol{\`o} Bucciantini and Fiamma Capitanio and Simone Castellano and Elisabetta Cavazzuti and Stefano Ciprini and {De Rosa}, Alessandra and Monte, {Ettore Del} and Gesu, {Laura Di} and Lalla, {Niccol{\`o} Di} and Marco, {Alessandro Di} and Immacolata Donnarumma and Victor Doroshenko and Michal Dov{\v c}iak and Ehlert, {Steven R.} and Teruaki Enoto and Yuri Evangelista and Sergio Fabiani and Riccardo Ferrazzoli and Garcia, {Javier A.} and Shuichi Gunji and Kiyoshi Hayashida and Wataru Iwakiri and Jorstad, {Svetlana G.} and Vladimir Karas and Takao Kitaguchi and Kolodziejczak, {Jeffery J.} and Henric Krawczynski and Monaca, {Fabio La} and Luca Latronico and Ioannis Liodakis and Simone Maldera and Alberto Manfreda and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Marin and Andrea Marinucci and Marscher, {Alan P.} and Giorgio Matt and Ikuyuki Mitsuishi and Tsunefumi Mizuno and Fabio Muleri and Ng, {C. Y.} and O{\textquoteright}Dell, {Stephen L.} and Nicola Omodei and Chiara Oppedisano and Alessandro Papitto and Pavlov, {George G.} and Peirson, {Abel L.} and Matteo Perri and Melissa Pesce-Rollins and Petrucci, {Pierre Olivier} and Maura Pilia and Andrea Possenti and Simonetta Puccetti and Ramsey, {Brian D.} and John Rankin and Ajay Ratheesh and Romani, {Roger W.} and Carmelo Sgr{\`o} and Patrick Slane and Paolo Soffitta and Gloria Spandre and Toru Tamagawa and Fabrizio Tavecchio and Roberto Taverna and Yuzuru Tawara and Tennant, {Allyn F.} and Thomas, {Nicholas E.} and Francesco Tombesi and Alessio Trois and Roberto Turolla and Jacco Vink and Weisskopf, {Martin C.} and Kinwah Wu and Fei Xie and Deepto Chakrabarty and Schulz, {Norbert S.}",

note = "Funding Information: IXPE is a joint US and Italian mission. The US contribution is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led and managed by its Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), with industry partner Ball Aerospace (contract NNM15AA18C). The Italian contribution is supported by the Italian Space Agency (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ASI) through contract ASI-OHBI-2017-12-I.0 and agreements ASI-INAF-2017-12-H0 and ASI-INFN-2017.13-H0, and its Space Science Data Center (SSDC) with agreements ASI-INAF-2022-14-HH.0 and ASI-INFN 2021-43-HH.0, and by Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. This research used data products provided by the IXPE Team (MSFC, SSDC, INAF, and INFN) and distributed with additional software tools by the High-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Funding for this work was provided in part by contract 80MSFC17C0012 from the MSFC to MIT in support of the IXPE project. Support for this work was provided in part by NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) contract SV3-73016 to MIT for support of the Chandra X-Ray Center, which is operated by SAO for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. M.N. also acknowledges support from the NASA NICER program under detector team grant 80NSSC19K1287 and guest observer grant 80NSSC22K1350. S.S.T. and J.P. were supported by Russian Science Foundation grant 20-12-00364 and Academy of Finland grants 333112, 349144, 349373, and 349906. We thank K. C. Gendreau and Z. Arzoumanian for their help in arranging coordinated NICER scheduling of the observations. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "940",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1",

}

Marshall, HL, Ng, M, Rogantini, D, Heyl, J, Tsygankov, SS, Poutanen, J, Costa, E, Zane, S, Malacaria, C, Agudo, I, Antonelli, LA, Bachetti, M, Baldini, L, Baumgartner, WH, Bellazzini, R, Bianchi, S, Bongiorno, SD, Bonino, R, Brez, A, Bucciantini, N, Capitanio, F, Castellano, S, Cavazzuti, E, Ciprini, S, De Rosa, A, Monte, ED, Gesu, LD, Lalla, ND, Marco, AD, Donnarumma, I, Doroshenko, V, Dovčiak, M, Ehlert, SR, Enoto, T, Evangelista, Y, Fabiani, S, Ferrazzoli, R, Garcia, JA, Gunji, S, Hayashida, K, Iwakiri, W, Jorstad, SG, Karas, V, Kitaguchi, T, Kolodziejczak, JJ, Krawczynski, H, Monaca, FL, Latronico, L, Liodakis, I, Maldera, S, Manfreda, A, Marin, F, Marinucci, A, Marscher, AP, Matt, G, Mitsuishi, I, Mizuno, T, Muleri, F, Ng, CY, O’Dell, SL, Omodei, N, Oppedisano, C, Papitto, A, Pavlov, GG, Peirson, AL, Perri, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Petrucci, PO, Pilia, M, Possenti, A, Puccetti, S, Ramsey, BD, Rankin, J, Ratheesh, A, Romani, RW, Sgrò, C, Slane, P, Soffitta, P, Spandre, G, Tamagawa, T, Tavecchio, F, Taverna, R, Tawara, Y, Tennant, AF, Thomas, NE, Tombesi, F, Trois, A, Turolla, R, Vink, J, Weisskopf, MC, Wu, K, Xie, F, Chakrabarty, D & Schulz, NS 2022, 'Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 940, no. 1, 70. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

TY - JOUR

T1 - Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer

AU - Marshall, Herman L.

AU - Ng, Mason

AU - Rogantini, Daniele

AU - Heyl, Jeremy

AU - Tsygankov, Sergey S.

AU - Poutanen, Juri

AU - Costa, Enrico

AU - Zane, Silvia

AU - Malacaria, Christian

AU - Agudo, Iván

AU - Antonelli, Lucio A.

AU - Bachetti, Matteo

AU - Baldini, Luca

AU - Baumgartner, Wayne H.

AU - Bellazzini, Ronaldo

AU - Bianchi, Stefano

AU - Bongiorno, Stephen D.

AU - Bonino, Raffaella

AU - Brez, Alessandro

AU - Bucciantini, Niccolò

AU - Capitanio, Fiamma

AU - Castellano, Simone

AU - Cavazzuti, Elisabetta

AU - Ciprini, Stefano

AU - De Rosa, Alessandra

AU - Monte, Ettore Del

AU - Gesu, Laura Di

AU - Lalla, Niccolò Di

AU - Marco, Alessandro Di

AU - Donnarumma, Immacolata

AU - Doroshenko, Victor

AU - Dovčiak, Michal

AU - Ehlert, Steven R.

AU - Enoto, Teruaki

AU - Evangelista, Yuri

AU - Fabiani, Sergio

AU - Ferrazzoli, Riccardo

AU - Garcia, Javier A.

AU - Gunji, Shuichi

AU - Hayashida, Kiyoshi

AU - Iwakiri, Wataru

AU - Jorstad, Svetlana G.

AU - Karas, Vladimir

AU - Kitaguchi, Takao

AU - Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.

AU - Krawczynski, Henric

AU - Monaca, Fabio La

AU - Latronico, Luca

AU - Liodakis, Ioannis

AU - Maldera, Simone

AU - Manfreda, Alberto

AU - Marin, Frédéric

AU - Marinucci, Andrea

AU - Marscher, Alan P.

AU - Matt, Giorgio

AU - Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki

AU - Mizuno, Tsunefumi

AU - Muleri, Fabio

AU - Ng, C. Y.

AU - O’Dell, Stephen L.

AU - Omodei, Nicola

AU - Oppedisano, Chiara

AU - Papitto, Alessandro

AU - Pavlov, George G.

AU - Peirson, Abel L.

AU - Perri, Matteo

AU - Pesce-Rollins, Melissa

AU - Petrucci, Pierre Olivier

AU - Pilia, Maura

AU - Possenti, Andrea

AU - Puccetti, Simonetta

AU - Ramsey, Brian D.

AU - Rankin, John

AU - Ratheesh, Ajay

AU - Romani, Roger W.

AU - Sgrò, Carmelo

AU - Slane, Patrick

AU - Soffitta, Paolo

AU - Spandre, Gloria

AU - Tamagawa, Toru

AU - Tavecchio, Fabrizio

AU - Taverna, Roberto

AU - Tawara, Yuzuru

AU - Tennant, Allyn F.

AU - Thomas, Nicholas E.

AU - Tombesi, Francesco

AU - Trois, Alessio

AU - Turolla, Roberto

AU - Vink, Jacco

AU - Weisskopf, Martin C.

AU - Wu, Kinwah

AU - Xie, Fei

AU - Chakrabarty, Deepto

AU - Schulz, Norbert S.

N1 - Funding Information: IXPE is a joint US and Italian mission. The US contribution is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led and managed by its Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), with industry partner Ball Aerospace (contract NNM15AA18C). The Italian contribution is supported by the Italian Space Agency (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ASI) through contract ASI-OHBI-2017-12-I.0 and agreements ASI-INAF-2017-12-H0 and ASI-INFN-2017.13-H0, and its Space Science Data Center (SSDC) with agreements ASI-INAF-2022-14-HH.0 and ASI-INFN 2021-43-HH.0, and by Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. This research used data products provided by the IXPE Team (MSFC, SSDC, INAF, and INFN) and distributed with additional software tools by the High-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Funding for this work was provided in part by contract 80MSFC17C0012 from the MSFC to MIT in support of the IXPE project. Support for this work was provided in part by NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) contract SV3-73016 to MIT for support of the Chandra X-Ray Center, which is operated by SAO for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. M.N. also acknowledges support from the NASA NICER program under detector team grant 80NSSC19K1287 and guest observer grant 80NSSC22K1350. S.S.T. and J.P. were supported by Russian Science Foundation grant 20-12-00364 and Academy of Finland grants 333112, 349144, 349373, and 349906. We thank K. C. Gendreau and Z. Arzoumanian for their help in arranging coordinated NICER scheduling of the observations. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

PY - 2022/11/1

Y1 - 2022/11/1

N2 - We present measurements of the polarization of X-rays in the 2-8 keV band from the pulsar in the ultracompact low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1626-67 using data from the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The 7.66 s pulsations were clearly detected throughout the IXPE observations as well as in the NICER soft X-ray observations, which we used as the basis for our timing analysis and to constrain the spectral shape over the 0.4-10 keV energy band. Chandra HETGS high-resolution X-ray spectra were also obtained near the times of the IXPE observations for firm spectral modeling. We found an upper limit on the pulse-averaged linear polarization of <4% (at 95% confidence). Similarly, there was no significant detection of polarized flux in pulse phase intervals when subdividing the bandpass by energy. However, spectropolarimetric modeling over the full bandpass in pulse phase intervals provided a marginal detection of polarization of the power-law spectral component at the 4.8% ± 2.3% level (90% confidence). We discuss the implications concerning the accretion geometry onto the pulsar, favoring two-component models of the pulsed emission.

AB - We present measurements of the polarization of X-rays in the 2-8 keV band from the pulsar in the ultracompact low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1626-67 using data from the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The 7.66 s pulsations were clearly detected throughout the IXPE observations as well as in the NICER soft X-ray observations, which we used as the basis for our timing analysis and to constrain the spectral shape over the 0.4-10 keV energy band. Chandra HETGS high-resolution X-ray spectra were also obtained near the times of the IXPE observations for firm spectral modeling. We found an upper limit on the pulse-averaged linear polarization of <4% (at 95% confidence). Similarly, there was no significant detection of polarized flux in pulse phase intervals when subdividing the bandpass by energy. However, spectropolarimetric modeling over the full bandpass in pulse phase intervals provided a marginal detection of polarization of the power-law spectral component at the 4.8% ± 2.3% level (90% confidence). We discuss the implications concerning the accretion geometry onto the pulsar, favoring two-component models of the pulsed emission.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143143326&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85143143326&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85143143326

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 940

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 70

ER -

Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer

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