Parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery mode nanoparticle sensor [invited]

Weijian Chen; Jing Zhang; Bo Peng; Şahin Kaya Özdemir; Xudong Fan; Lan Yang

doi:10.1364/PRJ.6.000A23

Parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery mode nanoparticle sensor [invited]

Weijian Chen, Jing Zhang, Bo Peng, Şahin Kaya Özdemir, Xudong Fan, Lan Yang

Engineering Science and Mechanics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

71 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present a study of single nanoparticle detection using parity-time (PT) symmetric whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators. Our theoretical model and numerical simulations show that, with balanced gain and loss, the PT-symmetric WGM nanoparticle sensor, tailored to operate at PT phase transition points (also called exceptional points), exhibits significant enhancement in frequency splitting when compared with a single WGM nanoparticle sensor subject to the same perturbation. The presence of gain in the PT-symmetric system leads to narrower linewidth, which helps to resolve smaller changes in frequency splitting and improve the detection limit of nanoparticle sensing. Furthermore, we also provide a general method for detecting multiple nanoparticles entering the mode volume of a PT-symmetric WGM sensor one by one. Our study shows the feasibility of PT-symmetric WGM resonators for ultrasensitive single nanoparticle and biomolecule sensing.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	A23-A30
Journal	Photonics Research
Volume	6
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.6.000A23
State	Published - May 1 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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10.1364/PRJ.6.000A23

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title = "Parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery mode nanoparticle sensor [invited]",

abstract = "We present a study of single nanoparticle detection using parity-time (PT) symmetric whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators. Our theoretical model and numerical simulations show that, with balanced gain and loss, the PT-symmetric WGM nanoparticle sensor, tailored to operate at PT phase transition points (also called exceptional points), exhibits significant enhancement in frequency splitting when compared with a single WGM nanoparticle sensor subject to the same perturbation. The presence of gain in the PT-symmetric system leads to narrower linewidth, which helps to resolve smaller changes in frequency splitting and improve the detection limit of nanoparticle sensing. Furthermore, we also provide a general method for detecting multiple nanoparticles entering the mode volume of a PT-symmetric WGM sensor one by one. Our study shows the feasibility of PT-symmetric WGM resonators for ultrasensitive single nanoparticle and biomolecule sensing.",

author = "Weijian Chen and Jing Zhang and Bo Peng and {\"O}zdemir, {{\c S}ahin Kaya} and Xudong Fan and Lan Yang",

note = "Funding Information: Funding. Army Research Office (ARO) (W911NF-12-1-0026, W911NF1710189); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11674194, 61134008, 61622306); National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2014CB921401); Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program; Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList) Cross-discipline Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF) (ECCS-1303499); Directorate for Engineering (ENG) (EFMA1641109). Funding Information: Acknowledgment. J. Zhang is supported by the NSFC. X. Fan is supported by the NSF. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Chinese Laser Press.",

year = "2018",

month = may,

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doi = "10.1364/PRJ.6.000A23",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "6",

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AU - Chen, Weijian

AU - Zhang, Jing

AU - Peng, Bo

AU - Özdemir, Şahin Kaya

AU - Fan, Xudong

AU - Yang, Lan

N1 - Funding Information: Funding. Army Research Office (ARO) (W911NF-12-1-0026, W911NF1710189); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11674194, 61134008, 61622306); National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2014CB921401); Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program; Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList) Cross-discipline Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF) (ECCS-1303499); Directorate for Engineering (ENG) (EFMA1641109). Funding Information: Acknowledgment. J. Zhang is supported by the NSFC. X. Fan is supported by the NSF. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Chinese Laser Press.

PY - 2018/5/1

Y1 - 2018/5/1

N2 - We present a study of single nanoparticle detection using parity-time (PT) symmetric whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators. Our theoretical model and numerical simulations show that, with balanced gain and loss, the PT-symmetric WGM nanoparticle sensor, tailored to operate at PT phase transition points (also called exceptional points), exhibits significant enhancement in frequency splitting when compared with a single WGM nanoparticle sensor subject to the same perturbation. The presence of gain in the PT-symmetric system leads to narrower linewidth, which helps to resolve smaller changes in frequency splitting and improve the detection limit of nanoparticle sensing. Furthermore, we also provide a general method for detecting multiple nanoparticles entering the mode volume of a PT-symmetric WGM sensor one by one. Our study shows the feasibility of PT-symmetric WGM resonators for ultrasensitive single nanoparticle and biomolecule sensing.

AB - We present a study of single nanoparticle detection using parity-time (PT) symmetric whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators. Our theoretical model and numerical simulations show that, with balanced gain and loss, the PT-symmetric WGM nanoparticle sensor, tailored to operate at PT phase transition points (also called exceptional points), exhibits significant enhancement in frequency splitting when compared with a single WGM nanoparticle sensor subject to the same perturbation. The presence of gain in the PT-symmetric system leads to narrower linewidth, which helps to resolve smaller changes in frequency splitting and improve the detection limit of nanoparticle sensing. Furthermore, we also provide a general method for detecting multiple nanoparticles entering the mode volume of a PT-symmetric WGM sensor one by one. Our study shows the feasibility of PT-symmetric WGM resonators for ultrasensitive single nanoparticle and biomolecule sensing.

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Parity-time-symmetric whispering-gallery mode nanoparticle sensor [invited]

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