TY - JOUR
T1 - Phylotranscriptomic insights into Asteraceae diversity, polyploidy, and morphological innovation
AU - Zhang, Caifei
AU - Huang, Chien Hsun
AU - Liu, Mian
AU - Hu, Yi
AU - Panero, Jose L.
AU - Luebert, Federico
AU - Gao, Tiangang
AU - Ma, Hong
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Beijing Botanical Garden, Bonn University Botanic Gardens, Guizhou Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Tel Aviv University Botanical Garden, UC Berkeley Botanical Garden, US Botanical Garden, Victoria Botanical Garden, and Zhihao Cheng, Zhixi Fu, Holly Forbes, Megan Hirst, Haihua Hu, Xiaojie Li, Fan Lu, Jinshuang Ma, Michal Monosov, Dunyan Tan, Huang‐Lung Tsai, Weimin Ni, Li Song, Yaqiong Wang, Zehuan Wang, Ji Yang, Yushi Ye, Liping Zeng, Junwen Zhai, Guojin Zhang, Ning Zhang, and Shu Zhang for plant materials, Ji Qi for a script to map gene duplications, and Bao Nie, Wei Wang, and Guojin Zhang for technical assistance and discussion. This work was supported by funds from grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos 31770242 and 31970224) and by funds from the Biology Department and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences at the Pennsylvania State University.
Funding Information:
We thank Beijing Botanical Garden, Bonn University Botanic Gardens, Guizhou Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Tel Aviv University Botanical Garden, UC Berkeley Botanical Garden, US Botanical Garden, Victoria Botanical Garden, and Zhihao Cheng, Zhixi Fu, Holly Forbes, Megan Hirst, Haihua Hu, Xiaojie Li, Fan Lu, Jinshuang Ma, Michal Monosov, Dunyan Tan, Huang-Lung Tsai, Weimin Ni, Li Song, Yaqiong Wang, Zehuan Wang, Ji Yang, Yushi Ye, Liping Zeng, Junwen Zhai, Guojin Zhang, Ning Zhang, and Shu Zhang for plant materials, Ji Qi for a script to map gene duplications, and Bao Nie, Wei Wang, and Guojin Zhang for technical assistance and discussion. This work was supported by funds from grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos 31770242 and 31970224) and by funds from the Biology Department and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences at the Pennsylvania State University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Biodiversity is not evenly distributed among related groups, raising questions about the factors contributing to such disparities. The sunflower family (Asteraceae, >26,000 species) is among the largest and most diverse plant families, but its species diversity is concentrated in a few subfamilies, providing an opportunity to study the factors affecting biodiversity. Phylotranscriptomic analyses here of 244 transcriptomes and genomes produced a phylogeny with strong support for the monophyly of Asteraceae and the monophyly of most subfamilies and tribes. This phylogeny provides a reference for detecting changes in diversification rates and possible factors affecting Asteraceae diversity, which include global climate shifts, whole-genome duplications (WGDs), and morphological evolution. The origin of Asteraceae was estimated at ~83 Mya, with most subfamilies having diverged before the Cretaceous–Paleocene boundary. Phylotranscriptomic analyses supported the existence of 41 WGDs in Asteraceae. Changes to herbaceousness and capitulescence with multiple flower-like capitula, often with distinct florets and scaly pappus/receptacular bracts, are associated with multiple upshifts in diversification rate. WGDs might have contributed to the survival of early Asteraceae by providing new genetic materials to support morphological transitions. The resulting competitive advantage for adapting to different niches would have increased biodiversity in Asteraceae.
AB - Biodiversity is not evenly distributed among related groups, raising questions about the factors contributing to such disparities. The sunflower family (Asteraceae, >26,000 species) is among the largest and most diverse plant families, but its species diversity is concentrated in a few subfamilies, providing an opportunity to study the factors affecting biodiversity. Phylotranscriptomic analyses here of 244 transcriptomes and genomes produced a phylogeny with strong support for the monophyly of Asteraceae and the monophyly of most subfamilies and tribes. This phylogeny provides a reference for detecting changes in diversification rates and possible factors affecting Asteraceae diversity, which include global climate shifts, whole-genome duplications (WGDs), and morphological evolution. The origin of Asteraceae was estimated at ~83 Mya, with most subfamilies having diverged before the Cretaceous–Paleocene boundary. Phylotranscriptomic analyses supported the existence of 41 WGDs in Asteraceae. Changes to herbaceousness and capitulescence with multiple flower-like capitula, often with distinct florets and scaly pappus/receptacular bracts, are associated with multiple upshifts in diversification rate. WGDs might have contributed to the survival of early Asteraceae by providing new genetic materials to support morphological transitions. The resulting competitive advantage for adapting to different niches would have increased biodiversity in Asteraceae.
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U2 - 10.1111/jipb.13078
DO - 10.1111/jipb.13078
M3 - Article
C2 - 33559953
AN - SCOPUS:85104375110
VL - 63
SP - 1273
EP - 1293
JO - Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
JF - Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
SN - 1672-9072
IS - 7
ER -