TY - JOUR
T1 - Pronouns, interrogatives, and (quichua-media lengua) code-switching
T2 - The eyes have it
AU - Lipski, John M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant BCS-1749310.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant BCS-1749310. I am grateful to Gabriel Cachimuel Anrango, Alegría Colta, José María Casco Narváez, Alegría Yanes, Antonio Maldonado, and their families for their invaluable assistance. Naturally the greatest debt of gratitude is to the dozens of Quichua and Media Lengua speakers who have generously shared their lives and languages with me. Pagi/yupaichani.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the author.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - This study examines the processing of two putatively problematic intra-sentential code-switching configurations, following subject pronouns and interrogatives, in a bilingual speech community in which there are no confounding grammatical differences. The languages are Ecuadoran Quichua and the mixed language known as Media Lengua, consisting of the entire Quichua morphosyntactic system but with all lexical roots replaced by their Spanish counterparts. In eye-tracking processing experiments utilizing the visual world paradigm with auditorily presented stimuli, Quichua-Media Lengua bilinguals identified the languages more quickly after pronouns and interrogatives than after lexical items, while acknowledgement of code-switches after pronouns and interrogatives was delayed in comparison with switches following lexical items. The facilitation effect of pronouns and interrogatives evidently provokes a surprise reaction when they are immediately followed by items from another language, and this relative delay may play a role in the low acceptability of code-switched utterances that otherwise violate no grammatical constraints.
AB - This study examines the processing of two putatively problematic intra-sentential code-switching configurations, following subject pronouns and interrogatives, in a bilingual speech community in which there are no confounding grammatical differences. The languages are Ecuadoran Quichua and the mixed language known as Media Lengua, consisting of the entire Quichua morphosyntactic system but with all lexical roots replaced by their Spanish counterparts. In eye-tracking processing experiments utilizing the visual world paradigm with auditorily presented stimuli, Quichua-Media Lengua bilinguals identified the languages more quickly after pronouns and interrogatives than after lexical items, while acknowledgement of code-switches after pronouns and interrogatives was delayed in comparison with switches following lexical items. The facilitation effect of pronouns and interrogatives evidently provokes a surprise reaction when they are immediately followed by items from another language, and this relative delay may play a role in the low acceptability of code-switched utterances that otherwise violate no grammatical constraints.
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U2 - 10.3390/languages5020011
DO - 10.3390/languages5020011
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85090211004
VL - 5
SP - 1
EP - 13
JO - Languages
JF - Languages
SN - 2226-471X
IS - 2
M1 - 11
ER -