TY - JOUR
T1 - Proteostasis in the Hedgehog signaling pathway
AU - Liu, Aimin
N1 - Funding Information:
The research in the Liu lab has been supported by the US NSF ( IOS-0949877 and IOS-1257540 ), US NIH ( HD083625 ) and a Penn State University new faculty start-up fund. Due to the limited scope of this review, it is not possible to discuss all important aspects of the Hh pathway regulation. The author apologizes to colleagues whose results are not included.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/9
Y1 - 2019/9
N2 - The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is crucial for the development of vertebrate and invertebrate animals alike. Hh ligand binds its receptor Patched (Ptc), allowing the activation of the obligate signal transducer Smoothened (Smo). The levels and localizations of both Ptc and Smo are regulated by ubiquitination, and Smo is under additional regulation by phosphorylation and SUMOylation. Downstream of Smo, the Ci/Gli family of transcription factors regulates the transcriptional responses to Hh. Phosphorylation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation are important for the stability and localization of Ci/Gli proteins and Hh signaling output. Finally, Suppressor of Fused directly regulates Ci/Gli proteins and itself is under proteolytic regulation that is critical for normal Hh signaling.
AB - The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is crucial for the development of vertebrate and invertebrate animals alike. Hh ligand binds its receptor Patched (Ptc), allowing the activation of the obligate signal transducer Smoothened (Smo). The levels and localizations of both Ptc and Smo are regulated by ubiquitination, and Smo is under additional regulation by phosphorylation and SUMOylation. Downstream of Smo, the Ci/Gli family of transcription factors regulates the transcriptional responses to Hh. Phosphorylation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation are important for the stability and localization of Ci/Gli proteins and Hh signaling output. Finally, Suppressor of Fused directly regulates Ci/Gli proteins and itself is under proteolytic regulation that is critical for normal Hh signaling.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.10.009
DO - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.10.009
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31429406
AN - SCOPUS:85056510504
VL - 93
SP - 153
EP - 163
JO - Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
JF - Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
SN - 1084-9521
ER -