TY - JOUR
T1 - Quantifying Nitrous Oxide Emissions in the U.S. Midwest
T2 - A Top-Down Study Using High Resolution Airborne In-Situ Observations
AU - Eckl, Maximilian
AU - Roiger, Anke
AU - Kostinek, Julian
AU - Fiehn, Alina
AU - Huntrieser, Heidi
AU - Knote, Christoph
AU - Barkley, Zachary Robert
AU - Ogle, Stephen M.
AU - Baier, Bianca C.
AU - Sweeney, Colm
AU - Davis, Kenneth J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The ACT‐America project is a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital‐2 project funded by NASA's Earth Science Division (grant NNX15AG76G to the Pennsylvania State University). The authors thank DLR VO‐R for funding the young investigator research group “Greenhouse Gases”. This work used resources of the Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) granted by its Scientific Steering Committee (WLA) under project ID bd1104. We also acknowledge funding from BMBF (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research) under project "AIRSPACE" (grant‐no. FKZ01LK170).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/3/16
Y1 - 2021/3/16
N2 - The densely farmed U.S. Midwest is a prominent source of nitrous oxide (N2O) but top-down and bottom-up N2O emission estimates differ significantly. We quantify Midwest N2O emissions by combining observations from the Atmospheric Carbon and Transport-America campaign with model simulations to scale the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). In October 2017, we scaled agricultural EDGAR v4.3.2 and v5.0 emissions by factors of 6.3 and 3.5, respectively, resulting in 0.42 nmol m−2 s−1 Midwest N2O emissions. In June/July 2019, a period when extreme flooding was occurring in the Midwest, agricultural scaling factors were 11.4 (v4.3.2) and 9.9 (v5.0), resulting in 1.06 nmol m−2 s−1 Midwest emissions. Uncertainties are on the order of 50 %. Agricultural emissions estimated with the process-based model DayCent (Daily version of the CENTURY ecosystem model) were larger than in EDGAR but still substantially smaller than our estimates. The complexity of N2O emissions demands further studies to fully characterize Midwest emissions.
AB - The densely farmed U.S. Midwest is a prominent source of nitrous oxide (N2O) but top-down and bottom-up N2O emission estimates differ significantly. We quantify Midwest N2O emissions by combining observations from the Atmospheric Carbon and Transport-America campaign with model simulations to scale the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). In October 2017, we scaled agricultural EDGAR v4.3.2 and v5.0 emissions by factors of 6.3 and 3.5, respectively, resulting in 0.42 nmol m−2 s−1 Midwest N2O emissions. In June/July 2019, a period when extreme flooding was occurring in the Midwest, agricultural scaling factors were 11.4 (v4.3.2) and 9.9 (v5.0), resulting in 1.06 nmol m−2 s−1 Midwest emissions. Uncertainties are on the order of 50 %. Agricultural emissions estimated with the process-based model DayCent (Daily version of the CENTURY ecosystem model) were larger than in EDGAR but still substantially smaller than our estimates. The complexity of N2O emissions demands further studies to fully characterize Midwest emissions.
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U2 - 10.1029/2020GL091266
DO - 10.1029/2020GL091266
M3 - Letter
AN - SCOPUS:85102438351
VL - 48
JO - Geophysical Research Letters
JF - Geophysical Research Letters
SN - 0094-8276
IS - 5
M1 - e2020GL091266
ER -