@article{7020c0dff0e343cab8da68c3815825a7,
title = "Search for annual and diurnal rate modulations in the LUX experiment",
abstract = "Various dark matter models predict annual and diurnal modulations of dark matter interaction rates in Earth-based experiments as a result of the Earth's motion in the halo. Observation of such features can provide generic evidence for detection of dark matter interactions. This paper reports a search for both annual and diurnal rate modulations in the LUX dark matter experiment using over 20 calendar months of data acquired between 2013 and 2016. This search focuses on electron recoil events at low energies, where leptophilic dark matter interactions are expected to occur and where the DAMA experiment has observed a strong rate modulation for over two decades. By using the innermost volume of the LUX detector and developing robust cuts and corrections, we obtained a stable event rate of 2.3±0.2 cpd/keVee/tonne, which is among the lowest in all dark matter experiments. No statistically significant annual modulation was observed in energy windows up to 26 keVee. Between 2 and 6 keVee, this analysis demonstrates the most sensitive annual modulation search up to date, with 9.2σ tension with the DAMA/LIBRA result. We also report no observation of diurnal modulations above 0.2 cpd/keVee/tonne amplitude between 2 and 6 keVee.",
author = "{(LUX Collaboration)} and Akerib, {D. S.} and S. Alsum and Ara{\'u}jo, {H. M.} and X. Bai and J. Balajthy and P. Beltrame and Bernard, {E. P.} and A. Bernstein and Biesiadzinski, {T. P.} and Boulton, {E. M.} and B. Boxer and P. Br{\'a}s and S. Burdin and D. Byram and Carmona-Benitez, {M. C.} and C. Chan and Cutter, {J. E.} and Davison, {T. J.R.} and E. Druszkiewicz and Fallon, {S. R.} and A. Fan and S. Fiorucci and Gaitskell, {R. J.} and J. Genovesi and C. Ghag and Gilchriese, {M. G.D.} and C. Gwilliam and Hall, {C. R.} and Haselschwardt, {S. J.} and Hertel, {S. A.} and Hogan, {D. P.} and M. Horn and Huang, {D. Q.} and Ignarra, {C. M.} and Jacobsen, {R. G.} and W. Ji and K. Kamdin and K. Kazkaz and D. Khaitan and R. Knoche and Korolkova, {E. V.} and S. Kravitz and Kudryavtsev, {V. A.} and Lenardo, {B. G.} and Lesko, {K. T.} and J. Liao and J. Lin and A. Lindote and Lopes, {M. I.} and A. Manalaysay",
note = "Funding Information: This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Awards No. DE-FG02-08ER41549, No. DE-FG02-91ER40688, No. DE-FG02-95ER40917, No. DE-FG02-91ER40674, No. DE-NA0000979, No. DE-FG02-11ER41738, No. DE-SC0006605, No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, No. DE-FG01-91ER40618 and No. DE-SC0010010; the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants No. PHYS-0750671, No. PHY-0801536, No. PHY-1004661, No. PHY-1102470, No. PHY-1003660, No. PHY-1312561, No. PHY-1347449, No. PHY-1505868, No. PHY-1636738, and No. PHY-0919261; the Research Corporation Grant No. RA0350; the Center for Ultralow Background Experiments in the Dakotas (CUBED); and the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (SDSMT). LIP-Coimbra acknowledges funding from Funda{\c c}{\~a}o para a Ci{\^e}ncia e Tecnologia (FCT) through Grant No. PTDC/FIS-NUC/1525/2014. Imperial College and Brown University thank the United Kingdom Royal Society for travel funds under the International Exchange Scheme (Grant No. IE120804). The United Kingdom groups acknowledge institutional support from Imperial College London, University College London and Edinburgh University, and from the Science & Technology Facilities Council for PhD studentship Grant No. ST/K502042/1 (A. B.). The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336. This research was conducted using computational resources and services at the Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University. The authors acknowledge the work of the following engineers who played important roles during the design, construction, commissioning, and operation phases of LUX: S. Dardin from Berkeley, B. Holbrook, R. Gerhard, and J. Thomson from UC Davis, and G. Mok, J. Bauer, and D. Carr from Livermore. The authors gratefully acknowledge the logistical and technical support and the access to laboratory infrastructure provided by the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) and its personnel at Lead, South Dakota. SURF was developed by the South Dakota Science and Technology authority, with an important philanthropic donation from T. Denny Sanford, and is operated by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics. LLNL is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 American Physical Society.",
year = "2018",
month = sep,
day = "27",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.98.062005",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "98",
journal = "Physical Review D",
issn = "2470-0010",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "6",
}