TY - JOUR
T1 - Seasonal Variability of the CO2 System in a Large Coastal Plain Estuary
AU - Friedman, Jaclyn R.
AU - Shadwick, Elizabeth H.
AU - Friedrichs, Marjorie A.M.
AU - Najjar, Raymond G.
AU - De Meo, Olivia A.
AU - Da, Fei
AU - Smith, Juliette L.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation via grants OCE‐1537013 and OCE‐1536996. We are grateful to the NOAA Chesapeake Bay office for their assistance and collaboration, as well as John Donat and Mark Trice for their collaboration with the Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program. This is VIMS manuscript 3866; data are available at William & Mary's ScholarWorks doi: https://doi.org/10.25773/rntn‐ez18
Funding Information:
Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation via grants OCE-1537013 and OCE-1536996. We are grateful to the NOAA Chesapeake Bay office for their assistance and collaboration, as well as John Donat and Mark Trice for their collaboration with the Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program. This is VIMS manuscript 3866; data are available at William & Mary's ScholarWorks doi: https://doi.org/10.25773/rntn-ez18
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020. The Authors.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - The Chesapeake Bay, a large coastal plain estuary, has been studied extensively in terms of its water quality, and yet, comparatively less is known about its carbonate system. Here we present discrete observations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity from four seasonal cruises in 2016–2017. These new observations are used to characterize the regional CO2 system and to construct a DIC budget of the mainstem. In all seasons, elevated DIC concentrations were observed at the mouth of the bay associated with inflowing Atlantic Ocean waters, while minimum concentrations of DIC were associated with fresher waters at the head of the bay. Significant spatial variability of the partial pressure of CO2 was observed throughout the mainstem, with net uptake of atmospheric CO2 during each season in the upper mainstem and weak seasonal outgassing of CO2 near the outflow to the Atlantic Ocean. During the time frame of this study, the Chesapeake Bay mainstem was (1) net autotrophic in the mixed layer (net community production of 0.31-mol C m−2·year−1) and net heterotrophic throughout the water column (net community production of −0.48-mol C m−2·year−1), (2) a sink of 0.38-mol C m−2·year−1 for atmospheric CO2, and (3) significantly seasonally and spatially variable with respect to biologically driven changes in DIC.
AB - The Chesapeake Bay, a large coastal plain estuary, has been studied extensively in terms of its water quality, and yet, comparatively less is known about its carbonate system. Here we present discrete observations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity from four seasonal cruises in 2016–2017. These new observations are used to characterize the regional CO2 system and to construct a DIC budget of the mainstem. In all seasons, elevated DIC concentrations were observed at the mouth of the bay associated with inflowing Atlantic Ocean waters, while minimum concentrations of DIC were associated with fresher waters at the head of the bay. Significant spatial variability of the partial pressure of CO2 was observed throughout the mainstem, with net uptake of atmospheric CO2 during each season in the upper mainstem and weak seasonal outgassing of CO2 near the outflow to the Atlantic Ocean. During the time frame of this study, the Chesapeake Bay mainstem was (1) net autotrophic in the mixed layer (net community production of 0.31-mol C m−2·year−1) and net heterotrophic throughout the water column (net community production of −0.48-mol C m−2·year−1), (2) a sink of 0.38-mol C m−2·year−1 for atmospheric CO2, and (3) significantly seasonally and spatially variable with respect to biologically driven changes in DIC.
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U2 - 10.1029/2019JC015609
DO - 10.1029/2019JC015609
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85078939696
VL - 125
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
SN - 2169-9275
IS - 1
M1 - e2019JC015609
ER -