TY - JOUR
T1 - Seroprevalence and risk factors of glanders in working equines – Findings of a cross-sectional study in Punjab province of Pakistan
AU - Ghori, Muhammad Taslim
AU - Khan, Muhammad Sarwar
AU - Khan, Jawaria Ali
AU - Rabbani, Masood
AU - Shabbir, Muhammad Zubair
AU - Chaudhry, Haroon Rashid
AU - Ali, Muhammad Asad
AU - Muhammad, Javed
AU - Elschner, Mandy Carolina
AU - Jayarao, Bhushan M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was financially supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic Research Award # HDTRA1-10-1-0080 to The Pennsylvania State University, USA (Prime Awardees) and University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Pakistan (Subcontract Awardees). We are thankful to the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for financial support to travel and process sera at Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany. We thank the Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, and the local veterinarians and equine owners for facilitating the serum sampling. We also thank the laboratory staff for their assistance and support in collecting the field samples at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan. The authors are thankful to Dr. U. Wernery, CVRL Dubai, for providing of the B. mallei strain Dubai-7.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Authors
Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/12
Y1 - 2017/12
N2 - Glanders is an infectious and contagious bacterial disease of equines. A little is known about its seroprevalence and risk factors in working equines in countries where the disease is endemic. Also, there are no reports on prevalence of the disease in areas where there is a prior evidence of Burkholderia (B.) mallei detection in soil. A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected districts (n = 09) of Punjab province of Pakistan during 2014–2015. A total of 1008 serum samples were screened for detection of antibodies to B. mallei with complement fixation test followed by western blot. The overall seroprevalence was found to be 3.17% (95% CI: 2.25–4.44). The seropositivity was significantly higher from the sampling sites where B. mallei was detected in soil [OR: 10.66 (95% CI: 4.42–31.66), p = 0.00]. Other risk factors significantly associated with animal seropositivity were: age group [OR: 1.78 (95% CI: 4.58–15.56), p = 0.00], location in urban area [OR: 2.99 (95% CI: 1.46–6.51), p = 0.00],body condition [OR: 3.47 (95% CI: 1.64–7.99), p = 0.00], presence of farcy lesion[OR: 7.71 (95% CI: 3.47–19.50), p = 0.00], proximity to water bodies [OR: 7.71 (95% CI: 3.47–19.50), p = 0.00]; domestic animal population [OR: 3.20 (95% CI: 1.24–10.87), p = 0.03] and number of households in sampling area [OR: 4.18 (95%CI: 1.82–11.30), p = 0.00]. The study provides an estimate of prevalence of glanders and a potential link between animal seropositivity and presence of B. mallei in soil. The risk factors identified in this study can be used in surveillance and disease awareness. The high prevalence of disease in draught horses and contact of infected animals with their care-takers in developing countries signify need to initiate progressive control of the disease using one health approach.
AB - Glanders is an infectious and contagious bacterial disease of equines. A little is known about its seroprevalence and risk factors in working equines in countries where the disease is endemic. Also, there are no reports on prevalence of the disease in areas where there is a prior evidence of Burkholderia (B.) mallei detection in soil. A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected districts (n = 09) of Punjab province of Pakistan during 2014–2015. A total of 1008 serum samples were screened for detection of antibodies to B. mallei with complement fixation test followed by western blot. The overall seroprevalence was found to be 3.17% (95% CI: 2.25–4.44). The seropositivity was significantly higher from the sampling sites where B. mallei was detected in soil [OR: 10.66 (95% CI: 4.42–31.66), p = 0.00]. Other risk factors significantly associated with animal seropositivity were: age group [OR: 1.78 (95% CI: 4.58–15.56), p = 0.00], location in urban area [OR: 2.99 (95% CI: 1.46–6.51), p = 0.00],body condition [OR: 3.47 (95% CI: 1.64–7.99), p = 0.00], presence of farcy lesion[OR: 7.71 (95% CI: 3.47–19.50), p = 0.00], proximity to water bodies [OR: 7.71 (95% CI: 3.47–19.50), p = 0.00]; domestic animal population [OR: 3.20 (95% CI: 1.24–10.87), p = 0.03] and number of households in sampling area [OR: 4.18 (95%CI: 1.82–11.30), p = 0.00]. The study provides an estimate of prevalence of glanders and a potential link between animal seropositivity and presence of B. mallei in soil. The risk factors identified in this study can be used in surveillance and disease awareness. The high prevalence of disease in draught horses and contact of infected animals with their care-takers in developing countries signify need to initiate progressive control of the disease using one health approach.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.031
DO - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.031
M3 - Article
C2 - 28760480
AN - SCOPUS:85026868498
VL - 176
SP - 134
EP - 139
JO - Acta Tropica
JF - Acta Tropica
SN - 0001-706X
ER -
