TY - JOUR
T1 - Serum carotenoids and Pediatric Metabolic Index predict insulin sensitivity in Mexican American children
AU - Mummidi, Srinivas
AU - Farook, Vidya S.
AU - Reddivari, Lavanya
AU - Hernandez-Ruiz, Joselin
AU - Diaz-Badillo, Alvaro
AU - Fowler, Sharon P.
AU - Resendez, Roy G.
AU - Akhtar, Feroz
AU - Lehman, Donna M.
AU - Jenkinson, Christopher P.
AU - Arya, Rector
AU - Lynch, Jane L.
AU - Canas, Jose A.
AU - DeFronzo, Ralph A.
AU - Hale, Daniel E.
AU - Blangero, John
AU - Lopez-Alvarenga, Juan Carlos
AU - Duggirala, Ravindranath
AU - Vanamala, Jairam K.P.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Health (R01 HD049051, R01 AI119131, HD049051-5S1 (A.R.R.A.), HD041111, DK053889, DK047482, P01 HL45522 and MH59490), Veterans Administration Epidemiologic Grant, Voelcker Foundation, and the National Research Initiative Grant 2009-55200-05197 from the U.S.D.A. National Institute for Food and Agriculture. We thank Dr. William Rogers, Dr. Rolando Lozano, Dr. Richard Granato, Margaret Fragoso, David Rupert, Rhonda Lyons, Tanya Prado, and Ram Prasad Upadhyay for their excellent help and assistance. We thank the University Health System and the Texas Diabetes Institute for extending their clinical research facilities to the SAFARI study. We warmly thank the participants of the SAFARI Study for their enthusiasm and cooperation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - High concentrations of carotenoids are protective against cardiometabolic risk traits (CMTs) in adults and children. We recently showed in non-diabetic Mexican American (MA) children that serum α-carotene and β-carotene are inversely correlated with obesity measures and triglycerides and positively with HDL cholesterol and that they were under strong genetic influences. Additionally, we previously described a Pediatric Metabolic Index (PMI) that helps in the identification of children who are at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we quantified serum lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin concentrations in approximately 580 children from MA families using an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-photodiode array and determined their heritabilities and correlations with CMTs. Using response surface methodology (RSM), we determined two-way interactions of carotenoids and PMI on Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI). The concentrations of lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin were highly heritable [h2 = 0.98, P = 7 × 10–18 and h2 = 0.58, P = 1 × 10–7]. We found significant (P ≤ 0.05) negative phenotypic correlations between β-cryptoxanthin and five CMTs: body mass index (− 0.22), waist circumference (− 0.25), triglycerides (− 0.18), fat mass (− 0.23), fasting glucose (− 0.09), and positive correlations with HDL cholesterol (0.29). In contrast, lycopene only showed a significant negative correlation with fasting glucose (− 0.08) and a positive correlation with HDL cholesterol (0.18). Importantly, we found that common genetic influences significantly contributed to the observed phenotypic correlations. RSM showed that increased serum concentrations of α- and β-carotenoids rather than that of β-cryptoxanthin or lycopene had maximal effects on ISI. In summary, our findings suggest that the serum carotenoids are under strong additive genetic influences and may have differential effects on susceptibility to CMTs in children.
AB - High concentrations of carotenoids are protective against cardiometabolic risk traits (CMTs) in adults and children. We recently showed in non-diabetic Mexican American (MA) children that serum α-carotene and β-carotene are inversely correlated with obesity measures and triglycerides and positively with HDL cholesterol and that they were under strong genetic influences. Additionally, we previously described a Pediatric Metabolic Index (PMI) that helps in the identification of children who are at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we quantified serum lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin concentrations in approximately 580 children from MA families using an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-photodiode array and determined their heritabilities and correlations with CMTs. Using response surface methodology (RSM), we determined two-way interactions of carotenoids and PMI on Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI). The concentrations of lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin were highly heritable [h2 = 0.98, P = 7 × 10–18 and h2 = 0.58, P = 1 × 10–7]. We found significant (P ≤ 0.05) negative phenotypic correlations between β-cryptoxanthin and five CMTs: body mass index (− 0.22), waist circumference (− 0.25), triglycerides (− 0.18), fat mass (− 0.23), fasting glucose (− 0.09), and positive correlations with HDL cholesterol (0.29). In contrast, lycopene only showed a significant negative correlation with fasting glucose (− 0.08) and a positive correlation with HDL cholesterol (0.18). Importantly, we found that common genetic influences significantly contributed to the observed phenotypic correlations. RSM showed that increased serum concentrations of α- and β-carotenoids rather than that of β-cryptoxanthin or lycopene had maximal effects on ISI. In summary, our findings suggest that the serum carotenoids are under strong additive genetic influences and may have differential effects on susceptibility to CMTs in children.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41598-020-79387-8
DO - 10.1038/s41598-020-79387-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 33441626
AN - SCOPUS:85099418405
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 11
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 871
ER -