TY - JOUR
T1 - Sex differences in voluntary oral nicotine consumption by adolescent mice
T2 - A dose-response experiment
AU - Klein, Laura Cousino
AU - Stine, Michele M.
AU - Vandenbergh, David J.
AU - Whetzel, Courtney A.
AU - Kamens, Helen M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was conducted at The Pennsylvania State University and was supported by NIDA grant 1RO3DA015114-01 (LCK). HMK now is in the Department of Behavioral Neuroscience at Oregon Health & Science University. Portions of this work were presented at the annual meetings of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Savannah, GA, February 2002, the Society of Biological Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, May 2002, and the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, August 2003. We thank R. Ceballos, C. DeNucci, J. Heaton, J. Mericle, I. Rodrigues, and B. Saltsman for their dedicated assistance with data collection, Dr. John Graham for guidance with statistical analyses, and Dr. Sheila West for editorial comments.
Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2004/5
Y1 - 2004/5
N2 - Recent studies with adolescent rodents offer valuable information regarding the neurochemical and behavioral effects of adolescent nicotine exposure. One hundred twenty-one male and 125 female adolescent (35 days of age) C57BL/6J mice were tested for voluntary nicotine consumption by providing 24-h access to both saccharin-only (SAC) and one of six nicotine-containing solutions [10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200 ug (-)-freebase nicotine/ml in 2% SAC] in the home cage for 7 days. Although males and females drank similar volumes (ml) of nicotine, the female mice consumed more nicotine adjusted for body weight (mg/kg) and as a percentage of total fluid intake than did the male mice. In contrast, there was no sex difference in overall serum cotinine levels (adjusted for liver weight). For all mice, nicotine consumption and serum cotinine levels increased in a dose-dependent manner, and the volume of nicotine intake (ml), percent nicotine intake, and nicotine dosage (mg/kg) on the last day of the experiment were positively correlated with cotinine levels. Cotinine levels were inversely related to body weight only for females. Sex differences in nicotine consumption, but not in cotinine levels, suggest sex differences in pharmacokinetic processes that may contribute to oral nicotine consumption behavior during periadolescence.
AB - Recent studies with adolescent rodents offer valuable information regarding the neurochemical and behavioral effects of adolescent nicotine exposure. One hundred twenty-one male and 125 female adolescent (35 days of age) C57BL/6J mice were tested for voluntary nicotine consumption by providing 24-h access to both saccharin-only (SAC) and one of six nicotine-containing solutions [10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200 ug (-)-freebase nicotine/ml in 2% SAC] in the home cage for 7 days. Although males and females drank similar volumes (ml) of nicotine, the female mice consumed more nicotine adjusted for body weight (mg/kg) and as a percentage of total fluid intake than did the male mice. In contrast, there was no sex difference in overall serum cotinine levels (adjusted for liver weight). For all mice, nicotine consumption and serum cotinine levels increased in a dose-dependent manner, and the volume of nicotine intake (ml), percent nicotine intake, and nicotine dosage (mg/kg) on the last day of the experiment were positively correlated with cotinine levels. Cotinine levels were inversely related to body weight only for females. Sex differences in nicotine consumption, but not in cotinine levels, suggest sex differences in pharmacokinetic processes that may contribute to oral nicotine consumption behavior during periadolescence.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.01.005
DO - 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.01.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 15159130
AN - SCOPUS:2442671304
SN - 0091-3057
VL - 78
SP - 13
EP - 25
JO - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
IS - 1
ER -