@article{3fe96359b3e941af8b870f9317bbe119,
title = "SHR4z, a novel decoy effector from the haustorium of the parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides, suppresses host plant immunity",
abstract = "Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivar B301 is resistant to races SG4 and SG3 of the root parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides, developing a hypersensitive response (HR) at the site of parasite attachment. By contrast, race SG4z overcomes B301 resistance and successfully parasitises the plant. Comparative transcriptomics and in silico analysis identified a small secreted effector protein dubbed Suppressor of Host Resistance 4z (SHR4z) in the SG4z haustorium that upon transfer to the host roots causes a loss of host immunity (i.e. decreased HR and increased parasite growth). SHR4z has significant homology to the short leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) family proteins and functions by binding to VuPOB1, a host BTB-BACK domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase homologue, leading to its rapid turnover. VuPOB1 is shown to be a positive regulator of HR since silencing of VuPOB1 expression in transgenic B301 roots lowers the frequency of HR and increases the levels of successful SG4 parasitism and overexpression decreases parasitism by SG4z. These findings provide new insights into how parasitic weeds overcome host defences and could potentially contribute to the development of novel strategies for controlling Striga and other parasitic weeds thereby enhancing crop productivity and food security globally.",
author = "Chun Su and Hai Liu and Wafula, {Eric K.} and Loren Honaas and {de Pamphilis}, {Claude W.} and Timko, {Michael P.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS-1213059) awarded to MPT and by funds from the NSF Plant Genome Research Program (DBI-0701748 and IOS-1238057) awarded to Jim Westwood, Claude de Pamphilis, John Yoder and MPT. CS was supported in part by funds from the NSF and Biology Graduate Program at UVA. We thank all of the colleagues and participants of the Parasitic Plant Genome Project for their useful comments throughout this research projects. All supporting data reported in the paper and Supporting Information are available upon request from the authors. Sequence information on the SHR4z is available through accession number MG870386. The authors thank the people at BioS&T for construction of the yeast two-hybrid libraries used in this study and Dovetail Genomics for helping to prepare the Striga gesnerioides genomic sequence information. We thank Tim Close and his colleagues at UC Riverside for making the cowpea genome assembly available before publication. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Funding Information: This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS‐1213059) awarded to MPT and by funds from the NSF Plant Genome Research Program (DBI‐0701748 and IOS‐1238057) awarded to Jim Westwood, Claude de Pamphilis, John Yoder and MPT. CS was supported in part by funds from the NSF and Biology Graduate Program at UVA. We thank all of the colleagues and participants of the Parasitic Plant Genome Project for their useful comments throughout this research projects. All supporting data reported in the paper and Supporting Information are available upon request from the authors. Sequence information on the SHR4z is available through accession number MG870386 . The authors thank the people at BioS&T for construction of the yeast two‐hybrid libraries used in this study and Dovetail Genomics for helping to prepare the Striga gesnerioides genomic sequence information. We thank Tim Close and his colleagues at UC Riverside for making the cowpea genome assembly available before publication. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors. New Phytologist {\textcopyright} 2019 New Phytologist Trust",
year = "2020",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/nph.16351",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "226",
pages = "891--908",
journal = "New Phytologist",
issn = "0028-646X",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "3",
}