Abstract
Springtime microwave brightness temperatures over first-year ice are examined for the southern Kara Sea. Snow emissivity changes are revealed by episodic drops in the 37- to 18-GHz brightness temperature gradient ratio measured by the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer. The authors suggest that the negative gradient ratios in spring 1982 result from increased scatter at 37 GHz due to the formation of a near-surface hoar layer. This interpretation is supported by the results of a surface radiation balance model that shows the melt signature occurring at below freezing temperatures but under clear-sky conditions with increased solar input to the surface. These changes represent the transition from winter to summer conditions (as defined by the microwave response) and are shown to be regional in extent and to vary with the synoptic circulation. -Authors
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Journal | Journal of Geophysical Research |
| Volume | 99 |
| Issue number | C7 |
| State | Published - Jan 1 1994 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Geophysics
- Oceanography
- Forestry
- Aquatic Science
- Ecology
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Water Science and Technology
- Soil Science
- Geochemistry and Petrology
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Polymers and Plastics
- Atmospheric Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Space and Planetary Science
- Materials Chemistry
- Palaeontology
Cite this
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Springtime microwave emissivity changes in the southern Kara Sea. / Crane, Robert George; Anderson, M. R.
In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, No. C7, 01.01.1994.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Springtime microwave emissivity changes in the southern Kara Sea
AU - Crane, Robert George
AU - Anderson, M. R.
PY - 1994/1/1
Y1 - 1994/1/1
N2 - Springtime microwave brightness temperatures over first-year ice are examined for the southern Kara Sea. Snow emissivity changes are revealed by episodic drops in the 37- to 18-GHz brightness temperature gradient ratio measured by the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer. The authors suggest that the negative gradient ratios in spring 1982 result from increased scatter at 37 GHz due to the formation of a near-surface hoar layer. This interpretation is supported by the results of a surface radiation balance model that shows the melt signature occurring at below freezing temperatures but under clear-sky conditions with increased solar input to the surface. These changes represent the transition from winter to summer conditions (as defined by the microwave response) and are shown to be regional in extent and to vary with the synoptic circulation. -Authors
AB - Springtime microwave brightness temperatures over first-year ice are examined for the southern Kara Sea. Snow emissivity changes are revealed by episodic drops in the 37- to 18-GHz brightness temperature gradient ratio measured by the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer. The authors suggest that the negative gradient ratios in spring 1982 result from increased scatter at 37 GHz due to the formation of a near-surface hoar layer. This interpretation is supported by the results of a surface radiation balance model that shows the melt signature occurring at below freezing temperatures but under clear-sky conditions with increased solar input to the surface. These changes represent the transition from winter to summer conditions (as defined by the microwave response) and are shown to be regional in extent and to vary with the synoptic circulation. -Authors
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M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0028570765
VL - 99
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research
SN - 0148-0227
IS - C7
ER -