Abstract
Twelve parametric spinnaker models were built and tested in a wind tunnel. In these models, five sail shape parameters were varied - cross-section camber ratio, sail aspect ratio, sweep, vertical distribution of camber, and vertical distribution of sail width. Lift and drag forces were measured for a range of angles of attack, and the results were analyzed for three points of sail. It was found that low sweep (more vertical) spinnakers are faster than spinnakers with high sweep, and that the optimum camber ratio depends on both the point of sail and aspect ratio of the sail. On a run (sailing directly downwind), the only significant geometric parameter is projected sail area. The implications of these results to sail trim are discussed. A description of the sail shapes and corresponding force coefficients is presented for future validation of Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of spinnaker flow fields.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 311-337 |
| Number of pages | 27 |
| Journal | Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics |
| Volume | 93 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2005 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Mechanical Engineering
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The aerodynamics of symmetric spinnakers. / Lasher, William; Sonnenmeier, James R.; Forsman, David R.; Tomcho, Jason.
In: Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 93, No. 4, 01.01.2005, p. 311-337.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - The aerodynamics of symmetric spinnakers
AU - Lasher, William
AU - Sonnenmeier, James R.
AU - Forsman, David R.
AU - Tomcho, Jason
PY - 2005/1/1
Y1 - 2005/1/1
N2 - Twelve parametric spinnaker models were built and tested in a wind tunnel. In these models, five sail shape parameters were varied - cross-section camber ratio, sail aspect ratio, sweep, vertical distribution of camber, and vertical distribution of sail width. Lift and drag forces were measured for a range of angles of attack, and the results were analyzed for three points of sail. It was found that low sweep (more vertical) spinnakers are faster than spinnakers with high sweep, and that the optimum camber ratio depends on both the point of sail and aspect ratio of the sail. On a run (sailing directly downwind), the only significant geometric parameter is projected sail area. The implications of these results to sail trim are discussed. A description of the sail shapes and corresponding force coefficients is presented for future validation of Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of spinnaker flow fields.
AB - Twelve parametric spinnaker models were built and tested in a wind tunnel. In these models, five sail shape parameters were varied - cross-section camber ratio, sail aspect ratio, sweep, vertical distribution of camber, and vertical distribution of sail width. Lift and drag forces were measured for a range of angles of attack, and the results were analyzed for three points of sail. It was found that low sweep (more vertical) spinnakers are faster than spinnakers with high sweep, and that the optimum camber ratio depends on both the point of sail and aspect ratio of the sail. On a run (sailing directly downwind), the only significant geometric parameter is projected sail area. The implications of these results to sail trim are discussed. A description of the sail shapes and corresponding force coefficients is presented for future validation of Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of spinnaker flow fields.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jweia.2005.02.001
DO - 10.1016/j.jweia.2005.02.001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:18444367065
VL - 93
SP - 311
EP - 337
JO - Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
JF - Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
SN - 0167-6105
IS - 4
ER -