Abstract
We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1230-1234 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Science |
| Volume | 363 |
| Issue number | 6432 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 15 2019 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General
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The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years. / Olalde, Iñigo; Mallick, Swapan; Patterson, Nick; Rohland, Nadin; Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa; Silva, Marina; Dulias, Katharina; Edwards, Ceiridwen J.; Gandini, Francesca; Pala, Maria; Soares, Pedro; Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel; Adamski, Nicole; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Cheronet, Olivia; Culleton, Brendan J.; Fernandes, Daniel; Lawson, Ann Marie; Mah, Matthew; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Stewardson, Kristin; Zhang, Zhao; Arenas, Juan Manuel Jiménez; Moyano, Isidro Jorge Toro; Salazar-García, Domingo C.; Castanyer, Pere; Santos, Marta; Tremoleda, Joaquim; Lozano, Marina; Borja, Pablo García; Fernández-Eraso, Javier; Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio; Barroso, Cecilio; Bermúdez, Francisco J.; Mínguez, Enrique Viguera; Burch, Josep; Coromina, Neus; Vivó, David; Cebrià, Artur; Fullola, Josep Maria; García-Puchol, Oreto; Morales, Juan Ignacio; Xavier Oms, F.; Majó, Tona; Vergès, Josep Maria; Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia; Ollich-Castanyer, Imma; Javier López-Cachero, F.; Silva, Ana Maria; Alonso-Fernández, Carmen; De Castro, Germán Delibes; Echevarría, Javier Jiménez; Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo; Berlanga, Guillermo Pascual; Ramos-García, Pablo; Ramos-Muñoz, José; Vila, Eduardo Vijande; Arzo, Gustau Aguilella; Arroyo, Ángel Esparza; Lillios, Katina T.; Mack, Jennifer; Velasco-Vázquez, Javier; Waterman, Anna; De Lugo Enrich, Luis Benítez; Sánchez, María Benito; Agustí, Bibiana; Codina, Ferran; De Prado, Gabriel; Estalrrich, Almudena; Flores, Álvaro Fernández; Finlayson, Clive; Finlayson, Geraldine; Finlayson, Stewart; Giles-Guzmán, Francisco; Rosas, Antonio; González, Virginia Barciela; Atiénzar, Gabriel García; Hernández Pérez, Mauro S.; Llanos, Armando; Marco, Yolanda Carrión; Beneyto, Isabel Collado; López-Serrano, David; Tormo, Mario Sanz; Valera, António C.; Blasco, Concepción; Liesau, Corina; Ríos, Patricia; Daura, Joan; De Pedro Michó, María Jesús; Diez-Castillo, Agustín A.; Fernández, Raúl Flores; Farré, Joan Francès; Garrido-Pena, Rafael; Gonçalves, Victor S.; Guerra-Doce, Elisa; Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes; Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim; López-Reyes, Daniel; McClure, Sarah B.; Pérez, Marta Merino; Foix, Arturo Oliver; Borràs, Montserrat Sanz; Sousa, Ana Catarina; Encinas, Julio Manuel Vidal; Kennett, Douglas J.; Richards, Martin B.; Alt, Kurt Werner; Haak, Wolfgang; Pinhasi, Ron; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; Reich, David.
In: Science, Vol. 363, No. 6432, 15.03.2019, p. 1230-1234.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years
AU - Olalde, Iñigo
AU - Mallick, Swapan
AU - Patterson, Nick
AU - Rohland, Nadin
AU - Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa
AU - Silva, Marina
AU - Dulias, Katharina
AU - Edwards, Ceiridwen J.
AU - Gandini, Francesca
AU - Pala, Maria
AU - Soares, Pedro
AU - Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel
AU - Adamski, Nicole
AU - Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen
AU - Cheronet, Olivia
AU - Culleton, Brendan J.
AU - Fernandes, Daniel
AU - Lawson, Ann Marie
AU - Mah, Matthew
AU - Oppenheimer, Jonas
AU - Stewardson, Kristin
AU - Zhang, Zhao
AU - Arenas, Juan Manuel Jiménez
AU - Moyano, Isidro Jorge Toro
AU - Salazar-García, Domingo C.
AU - Castanyer, Pere
AU - Santos, Marta
AU - Tremoleda, Joaquim
AU - Lozano, Marina
AU - Borja, Pablo García
AU - Fernández-Eraso, Javier
AU - Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio
AU - Barroso, Cecilio
AU - Bermúdez, Francisco J.
AU - Mínguez, Enrique Viguera
AU - Burch, Josep
AU - Coromina, Neus
AU - Vivó, David
AU - Cebrià, Artur
AU - Fullola, Josep Maria
AU - García-Puchol, Oreto
AU - Morales, Juan Ignacio
AU - Xavier Oms, F.
AU - Majó, Tona
AU - Vergès, Josep Maria
AU - Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia
AU - Ollich-Castanyer, Imma
AU - Javier López-Cachero, F.
AU - Silva, Ana Maria
AU - Alonso-Fernández, Carmen
AU - De Castro, Germán Delibes
AU - Echevarría, Javier Jiménez
AU - Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo
AU - Berlanga, Guillermo Pascual
AU - Ramos-García, Pablo
AU - Ramos-Muñoz, José
AU - Vila, Eduardo Vijande
AU - Arzo, Gustau Aguilella
AU - Arroyo, Ángel Esparza
AU - Lillios, Katina T.
AU - Mack, Jennifer
AU - Velasco-Vázquez, Javier
AU - Waterman, Anna
AU - De Lugo Enrich, Luis Benítez
AU - Sánchez, María Benito
AU - Agustí, Bibiana
AU - Codina, Ferran
AU - De Prado, Gabriel
AU - Estalrrich, Almudena
AU - Flores, Álvaro Fernández
AU - Finlayson, Clive
AU - Finlayson, Geraldine
AU - Finlayson, Stewart
AU - Giles-Guzmán, Francisco
AU - Rosas, Antonio
AU - González, Virginia Barciela
AU - Atiénzar, Gabriel García
AU - Hernández Pérez, Mauro S.
AU - Llanos, Armando
AU - Marco, Yolanda Carrión
AU - Beneyto, Isabel Collado
AU - López-Serrano, David
AU - Tormo, Mario Sanz
AU - Valera, António C.
AU - Blasco, Concepción
AU - Liesau, Corina
AU - Ríos, Patricia
AU - Daura, Joan
AU - De Pedro Michó, María Jesús
AU - Diez-Castillo, Agustín A.
AU - Fernández, Raúl Flores
AU - Farré, Joan Francès
AU - Garrido-Pena, Rafael
AU - Gonçalves, Victor S.
AU - Guerra-Doce, Elisa
AU - Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes
AU - Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim
AU - López-Reyes, Daniel
AU - McClure, Sarah B.
AU - Pérez, Marta Merino
AU - Foix, Arturo Oliver
AU - Borràs, Montserrat Sanz
AU - Sousa, Ana Catarina
AU - Encinas, Julio Manuel Vidal
AU - Kennett, Douglas J.
AU - Richards, Martin B.
AU - Alt, Kurt Werner
AU - Haak, Wolfgang
AU - Pinhasi, Ron
AU - Lalueza-Fox, Carles
AU - Reich, David
N1 - Funding Information: J.M.F., F.J.L.-C., J.I.M., F.X.O., J.D., and M.S.B. were supported by HAR2017-86509-P, HAR2017-87695-P, and SGR2017-11 from the Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR agency. C.L.-F. was supported by Obra Social La Caixa and by FEDER-MINECO (BFU2015- 64699-P). L.B.d.L.E. was supported by REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (Plan Nacional I+D+I, MINECO). C.L., P.R., and C.Bl. were supported by MINECO (HAR2016-77600-P). A.Esp., J.V.-V., G.D., and D.C.S.-G. were supported by MINECO (HAR2009-10105 and HAR2013-43851-P). D.J.K. and B.J.C. were supported by NSF BCS-1460367. K.T.L., A.W., and J.M. were supported by NSF BCS-1153568. J.F.-E. and J.A.M.-A. were supported by IT622-13 Gobierno Vasco, Diputación Foral de Álava, and Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa. We acknowledge support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/EPH-ARQ/4164/2014) and the FEDER-COMPETE 2020 project 016899. P.S. was supported by the FCT Investigator Program (IF/01641/2013), FCT IP, and ERDF (COMPETE2020 - POCI). M.Si. and K.D. were supported by a Leverhulme Trust Doctoral Scholarship awarded to M.B.R. and M.P. D.R. was supported by an Allen Discovery Center grant from the Paul Allen Foundation, NIH grant GM100233, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. V.V.-M. and W.H. were supported by the Max Planck Society. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/3/15
Y1 - 2019/3/15
N2 - We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.
AB - We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063000762&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85063000762&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1126/science.aav4040
DO - 10.1126/science.aav4040
M3 - Article
C2 - 30872528
AN - SCOPUS:85063000762
VL - 363
SP - 1230
EP - 1234
JO - Science
JF - Science
SN - 0036-8075
IS - 6432
ER -