Abstract
This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above ∼1 TeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. The most significant point in the northern hemisphere from scanning the sky is coincident with the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, which was included in the source catalog search. The excess at the coordinates of NGC 1068 is inconsistent with background expectations at the level of 2.9σ after accounting for statistical trials from the entire catalog. The combination of this result along with excesses observed at the coordinates of three other sources, including TXS 0506+056, suggests that, collectively, correlations with sources in the northern catalog are inconsistent with background at 3.3σ significance. The southern catalog is consistent with background. These results, all based on searches for a cumulative neutrino signal integrated over the 10 years of available data, motivate further study of these and similar sources, including time-dependent analyses, multimessenger correlations, and the possibility of stronger evidence with coming upgrades to the detector.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 051103 |
| Journal | Physical review letters |
| Volume | 124 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 6 2020 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
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In: Physical review letters, Vol. 124, No. 5, 051103, 06.02.2020.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Time-Integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 Years of IceCube Data
AU - Aartsen, M. G.
AU - Ackermann, M.
AU - Adams, J.
AU - Aguilar, J. A.
AU - Ahlers, M.
AU - Ahrens, M.
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AU - Classen, L.
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AU - Evenson, P. A.
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AU - Friedman, E.
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AU - Gaisser, T. K.
AU - Gallagher, J.
AU - Ganster, E.
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AU - Goldschmidt, A.
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AU - Mariş, I. C.
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AU - Schmidt, T.
AU - Schneider, A.
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AU - Williams, D. R.
AU - Wills, L.
AU - Wolf, M.
AU - Wood, J.
AU - Wood, T. R.
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AU - Xu, D. L.
AU - Xu, X. W.
AU - Xu, Y.
AU - Yanez, J. P.
AU - Yodh, G.
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AU - Yuan, T.
AU - Zöcklein, M.
N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the following agencies and institutions: USA: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium: Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden: Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia: Australian Research Council; Canada: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark:Villum Fonden, Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand: Marsden Fund; Japan: Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea: National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom: Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 American Physical Society.
PY - 2020/2/6
Y1 - 2020/2/6
N2 - This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above ∼1 TeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. The most significant point in the northern hemisphere from scanning the sky is coincident with the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, which was included in the source catalog search. The excess at the coordinates of NGC 1068 is inconsistent with background expectations at the level of 2.9σ after accounting for statistical trials from the entire catalog. The combination of this result along with excesses observed at the coordinates of three other sources, including TXS 0506+056, suggests that, collectively, correlations with sources in the northern catalog are inconsistent with background at 3.3σ significance. The southern catalog is consistent with background. These results, all based on searches for a cumulative neutrino signal integrated over the 10 years of available data, motivate further study of these and similar sources, including time-dependent analyses, multimessenger correlations, and the possibility of stronger evidence with coming upgrades to the detector.
AB - This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above ∼1 TeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. The most significant point in the northern hemisphere from scanning the sky is coincident with the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, which was included in the source catalog search. The excess at the coordinates of NGC 1068 is inconsistent with background expectations at the level of 2.9σ after accounting for statistical trials from the entire catalog. The combination of this result along with excesses observed at the coordinates of three other sources, including TXS 0506+056, suggests that, collectively, correlations with sources in the northern catalog are inconsistent with background at 3.3σ significance. The southern catalog is consistent with background. These results, all based on searches for a cumulative neutrino signal integrated over the 10 years of available data, motivate further study of these and similar sources, including time-dependent analyses, multimessenger correlations, and the possibility of stronger evidence with coming upgrades to the detector.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079787816&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85079787816&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.051103
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.051103
M3 - Article
C2 - 32083934
AN - SCOPUS:85079787816
SN - 0031-9007
VL - 124
JO - Physical Review Letters
JF - Physical Review Letters
IS - 5
M1 - 051103
ER -